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URLWATCH-INTRO(7) urlwatch URLWATCH-INTRO(7)

NAME

urlwatch-intro - Introduction to basic urlwatch usage

QUICK START

1.
Run urlwatch once to migrate your old data or start fresh
2.
Use urlwatch --edit to customize jobs and filters (urls.yaml)
3.
Use urlwatch --edit-config to customize settings and reporters (urlwatch.yaml)
4.
Add urlwatch to your crontab (crontab -e) to monitor webpages periodically

The checking interval is defined by how often you run urlwatch. You can use e.g. crontab.guru <https://crontab.guru> to figure out the schedule expression for the checking interval, we recommend not more often than 30 minutes (this would be */30 * * * *). If you have never used cron before, check out the crontab command help <https://www.computerhope.com/unix/ucrontab.htm>.

On Windows, cron is not installed by default. Use the Windows Task Scheduler <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_Task_Scheduler> instead, or see this StackOverflow question <https://stackoverflow.com/q/132971/1047040> for alternatives.

HOW IT WORKS

Every time you run urlwatch(1), it:

  • retrieves the output of each job and filters it
  • compares it with the version retrieved the previous time ("diffing")
  • if it finds any differences, it invokes enabled reporters (e.g. text reporter, e-mail reporter, ...) to notify you of the changes

JOBS AND FILTERS

Each website or shell command to be monitored constitutes a "job".

The instructions for each such job are contained in a config file in the YAML format <https://yaml.org/spec/>. If you have more than one job, you separate them with a line containing only ---.

You can edit the job and filter configuration file using:

urlwatch --edit


If you get an error, set your $EDITOR (or $VISUAL) environment variable in your shell, for example:

export EDITOR=/bin/nano


While you can edit the YAML file manually, using --edit will do sanity checks before activating the new configuration file.

Kinds of Jobs

Each job must have exactly one of the following keys, which also defines the kind of job:

  • url retrieves what is served by the web server (HTTP GET by default),
  • navigate uses a headless browser to load web pages requiring JavaScript, and
  • command runs a shell command.

Each job can have an optional name key to define a user-visible name for the job.

You can then use optional keys to finely control various job's parameters.

See urlwatch-jobs(5) for detailed information on job configuration.

Filters

You may use the filter key to select one or more Filters to apply to the data after it is retrieved, for example to:

  • select HTML: css, xpath, element-by-class, element-by-id, element-by-style, element-by-tag
  • make HTML more readable: html2text, beautify
  • make PDFs readable: pdf2text
  • make JSON more readable: format-json
  • make iCal more readable: ical2text
  • make binary readable: hexdump
  • just detect changes: sha1sum
  • edit text: grep, grepi, strip, sort, striplines

These filters can be chained. As an example, after retrieving an HTML document by using the url key, you can extract a selection with the xpath filter, convert this to text with html2text, use grep to extract only lines matching a specific regular expression, and then sort them:

name: "Sample urlwatch job definition"
url: "https://example.dummy/"
https_proxy: "http://dummy.proxy/"
max_tries: 2
filter:


  - xpath: '//section[@role="main"]'


  - html2text:


      method: pyhtml2text


      unicode_snob: true


      body_width: 0


      inline_links: false


      ignore_links: true


      ignore_images: true


      pad_tables: false


      single_line_break: true


  - grep: "lines I care about"


  - sort:
---


See urlwatch-filters(5) for detailed information on filter configuration.

REPORTERS

urlwatch can be configured to do something with its report besides (or in addition to) the default of displaying it on the console.

Reporters are configured in the global configuration file:

urlwatch --edit-config


Examples of reporters:

  • email (using SMTP)
  • email using mailgun
  • slack
  • discord
  • pushbullet
  • telegram
  • matrix
  • pushover
  • stdout
  • xmpp
  • shell

See urlwatch-reporters(5) for reporter configuration options.

SEE ALSO

urlwatch(1), urlwatch-jobs(5), urlwatch-filters(5), urlwatch-config(5), urlwatch-reporters(5), cron(8)

COPYRIGHT

2023 Thomas Perl

May 3, 2023