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Date::Manip::Lang::english(3) User Contributed Perl Documentation Date::Manip::Lang::english(3)

NAME

Date::Manip::Lang::english - English language support.

SYNOPSIS

This module contains a list of words and expressions supporting the language. It is not intended to be used directly (other Date::Manip modules will load it as needed).

LANGUAGE EXPRESSIONS

The following is a list of all language words and expressions used to write times and/or dates.

All strings are case insensitive.

When writing out the name of the month, several different variations may exist including full names and abbreviations.

The following month names may be used:

   January
   February
   March
   April
   May
   June
   July
   August
   September
   October
   November
   December
    

The following abbreviations may be used:

   Jan
   Jan.
   Feb
   Feb.
   Mar
   Mar.
   Apr
   Apr.
   May
   May.
   Jun
   Jun.
   Jul
   Jul.
   Aug
   Aug.
   Sep
   Sept
   Sep.
   Sept.
   Oct
   Oct.
   Nov
   Nov.
   Dec
   Dec.
    
When writing out the name of the day, several different variations may exist including full names and abbreviations.

The following day names may be used:

   Monday
   Tuesday
   Wednesday
   Thursday
   Friday
   Saturday
   Sunday
    

The following abbreviations may be used:

   Mon
   Mon.
   Tue
   Tues
   Tue.
   Tues.
   Wed
   Wed.
   Thu
   Thur
   Thu.
   Thur.
   Fri
   Fri.
   Sat
   Sat.
   Sun
   Sun.
    

The following short (1-2 characters) abbreviations may be used:

   M
   T
   W
   Th
   F
   Sa
   S
    
These are the names (and abbreviations) for the fields in a delta. There are 7 fields: years, months, weeks, days, hours, minutes, seconds.

The names and abbreviations for these fields are:

   years
   y
   yr
   year
   yrs
   months
   m
   mon
   month
   mons
   weeks
   w
   wk
   wks
   week
   days
   d
   day
   hours
   h
   hr
   hrs
   hour
   minutes
   mn
   min
   minute
   mins
   seconds
   s
   sec
   second
   secs
    
This is a list of expressions use to designate morning or afternoon time when a time is entered as a 12-hour time rather than a 24-hour time. For example, in English, the time "17:00" could be specified as "5:00 PM".

Morning and afternoon time may be designated by the following sets of words:

   AM
   A.M.
   PM
   P.M.
    
There are a list of words that specify every occurrence of something. These are used in the following phrases:

   EACH Monday
   EVERY Monday
   EVERY month
    

The following words may be used:

   each
   every
    
There are a list of words that may be used to specify the next, previous, or last occurrence of something. These words could be used in the following phrases:

   NEXT week
   LAST Tuesday
   PREVIOUS Tuesday
   LAST day of the month
    

The following words may be used:

Next occurrence:

   next
   following
    

Previous occurrence:

   previous
   last
    

Last occurrence:

   last
   final
    
When parsing deltas, there are words that may be used to specify the the delta will refer to a time in the future or to a time in the past (relative to some date). In English, for example, you might say:

   IN 5 days
   5 days AGO
    

The following words may be used to specify deltas that refer to dates in the past or future respectively:

   ago
   past
   in the past
   earlier
   before now
   in
   later
   future
   in the future
   from now
    
This contains two lists of words which can be used to specify a standard (i.e. non-business) delta or a business delta.

Previously, it was used to tell whether the delta was approximate or exact, but now this list is not used except to force the delta to be standard.

The following words may be used:

   exactly
   approximately
    

The following words may be used to specify a business delta:

   business
    
Numbers may be spelled out in a variety of ways. The following sets correspond to the numbers from 1 to 53:

   1st
   first
   one
   2nd
   second
   two
   3rd
   third
   three
   4th
   fourth
   four
   5th
   fifth
   five
   6th
   sixth
   six
   7th
   seventh
   seven
   8th
   eighth
   eight
   9th
   ninth
   nine
   10th
   tenth
   ten
   11th
   eleventh
   eleven
   12th
   twelfth
   twelve
   13th
   thirteenth
   thirteen
   14th
   fourteenth
   fourteen
   15th
   fifteenth
   fifteen
   16th
   sixteenth
   sixteen
   17th
   seventeenth
   seventeen
   18th
   eighteenth
   eighteen
   19th
   nineteenth
   nineteen
   20th
   twentieth
   twenty
   21st
   twenty-first
   twenty-one
   22nd
   twenty-second
   twenty-two
   23rd
   twenty-third
   twenty-three
   24th
   twenty-fourth
   twenty-four
   25th
   twenty-fifth
   twenty-five
   26th
   twenty-sixth
   twenty-six
   27th
   twenty-seventh
   twenty-seven
   28th
   twenty-eighth
   twenty-eight
   29th
   twenty-ninth
   twenty-nine
   30th
   thirtieth
   thirty
   31st
   thirty-first
   thirty-one
   32nd
   thirty-two
   thirty-second
   33rd
   thirty-three
   thirty-third
   34th
   thirty-four
   thirty-fourth
   35th
   thirty-five
   thirty-fifth
   36th
   thirty-six
   thirty-sixth
   37th
   thirty-seven
   thirty-seventh
   38th
   thirty-eight
   thirty-eighth
   39th
   thirty-nine
   thirty-ninth
   40th
   forty
   fortieth
   41st
   forty-one
   forty-first
   42nd
   forty-two
   forty-second
   43rd
   forty-three
   forty-third
   44th
   forty-four
   forty-fourth
   45th
   forty-five
   forty-fifth
   46th
   forty-six
   forty-sixth
   47th
   forty-seven
   forty-seventh
   48th
   forty-eight
   forty-eighth
   49th
   forty-nine
   forty-ninth
   50th
   fifty
   fiftieth
   51st
   fifty-one
   fifty-first
   52nd
   fifty-two
   fifty-second
   53rd
   fifty-three
   fifty-third
    
In writing out dates in common forms, there are a number of words that are typically not important.

There is frequently a word that appears in a phrase to designate that a time is going to be specified next. In English, you would use the word AT in the example:

   December 3 at 12:00
    

The following words may be used:

   at
    

Another word is used to designate one member of a set. In English, you would use the words IN or OF:

   1st day OF December
   1st day IN December
    

The following words may be used:

   of
   in
    

Another word is use to specify that something is on a certain date. In English, you would use ON:

   ON July 5th
    

The following words may be used:

   on
    
There are some words that can be used to specify a date, a time, or both relative to now.

Words that set the date are similar to the English words 'yesterday' or 'tomorrow'. These are specified as a delta which is added to the current time to get a date. The time is NOT set however, so the delta is only partially used (it should only include year, month, week, and day fields).

The following words may be used:

   ereyesterday         -0:0:0:2:0:0:0
   overmorrow           +0:0:0:2:0:0:0
   today                0:0:0:0:0:0:0
   tomorrow             +0:0:0:1:0:0:0
   yesterday            -0:0:0:1:0:0:0
    

Words that set only the time of day are similar to the English words 'noon' or 'midnight'.

The following words may be used:

   midnight             00:00:00
   noon                 12:00:00
    

Words that set the entire time and date (relative to the current time and date) are also available.

In English, the word 'now' is one of these.

The following words may be used:

   now                  0:0:0:0:0:0:0
    
When specifying the time of day, the most common separator is a colon (:) which can be used for both separators.

Some languages use different pairs. For example, French allows you to specify the time as 13h30:20, so it would use the following pairs:

   : :
   h :
    

The first column is the hour-minute separator and the second column is the minute-second separator. Both are perl regular expressions. When creating a new translation, be aware that regular expressions with utf-8 characters may be tricky. For example, don't include the expression '[x]' where 'x' is a utf-8 character.

A pair of colons is ALWAYS allowed for all languages. If a language allows additional pairs, they are listed here:

   Not defined in this language
    
When specifying fractional seconds, the most common way is to use a decimal point (.). Some languages may specify a different separator that might be used. If this is done, it is a regular expression.

The decimal point is ALWAYS allowed for all languages. If a language allows another separator, it is listed here:

   Not defined in this language
    

KNOWN BUGS

None known.

BUGS AND QUESTIONS

Please refer to the Date::Manip::Problems documentation for information on submitting bug reports or questions to the author.

SEE ALSO

Date::Manip - main module documentation

LICENSE

This script is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

AUTHOR

Sullivan Beck (sbeck@cpan.org)

2024-03-22 perl v5.40.0