NAME¶

std::nested_exception - std::nested_exception

Synopsis¶

Defined in header <exception>
class nested_exception; (since C++11)

std::nested_exception is a polymorphic mixin class which can capture and store the
current exception, making it possible to nest exceptions of arbitrary types within
each other.

Member functions¶

constructor constructs a nested_exception
(public member function)
destructor destructs a nested exception
[virtual] (virtual public member function)
operator= replaces the contents of a nested_exception
(public member function)
rethrow_nested throws the stored exception
(public member function)
nested_ptr obtains a pointer to the stored exception
(public member function)

Non-member functions¶

throw_with_nested throws its argument with std::nested_exception mixed in
(C++11) (function template)
rethrow_if_nested throws the exception from a std::nested_exception
(C++11) (function template)

Example¶

Demonstrates construction and recursion through a nested exception object.

// Run this code

#include <exception>
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>

// prints the explanatory string of an exception. If the exception is nested,
// recurses to print the explanatory of the exception it holds
void print_exception(const std::exception& e, int level = 0)
{
std::cerr << std::string(level, ' ') << "exception: " << e.what() << '\n';
try
{
std::rethrow_if_nested(e);
}
catch (const std::exception& nestedException)
{
print_exception(nestedException, level + 1);
}
catch (...) {}
}

// sample function that catches an exception and wraps it in a nested exception
void open_file(const std::string& s)
{
try
{
std::ifstream file(s);
file.exceptions(std::ios_base::failbit);
}
catch (...)
{
std::throw_with_nested(std::runtime_error("Couldn't open " + s));
}
}

// sample function that catches an exception and wraps it in a nested exception
void run()
{
try
{
open_file("nonexistent.file");
}
catch (...)
{
std::throw_with_nested(std::runtime_error("run() failed"));
}
}

// runs the sample function above and prints the caught exception
int main()
{
try
{
run();
}
catch (const std::exception& e)
{
print_exception(e);
}
}

Possible output:¶

exception: run() failed
exception: Couldn't open nonexistent.file
exception: basic_ios::clear

See also¶

exception_ptr shared pointer type for handling exception objects
(C++11) (typedef)
throw_with_nested throws its argument with std::nested_exception mixed in
(C++11) (function template)
rethrow_if_nested throws the exception from a std::nested_exception
(C++11) (function template)