NAME¶

std::is_function - std::is_function

Synopsis¶

Defined in header <type_traits>
template< class T > (since C++11)
struct is_function;

std::is_function is a UnaryTypeTrait.

Checks whether T is a function type. Types like std::function, lambdas, classes with
overloaded operator() and pointers to functions don't count as function types.
Provides the member constant value which is equal to true, if T is a function type.
Otherwise, value is equal to false.

If the program adds specializations for std::is_function or std::is_function_v, the
behavior is undefined.

Template parameters¶

T - a type to check

Helper variable template

template< class T > (since C++17)
inline constexpr bool is_function_v = is_function<T>::value;

Inherited from std::integral_constant

Member constants¶

value true if T is a function type, false otherwise
[static] (public static member constant)

Member functions¶

operator bool converts the object to bool, returns value
(public member function)
operator() returns value
(C++14) (public member function)

Member types¶

Type Definition
value_type bool
type std::integral_constant<bool, value>

Notes¶

std::is_function can be implemented in much simpler ways. Implementations similar to
the following one are used by new versions of libc++, libstdc++ and MS STL:

template<class T>
struct is_function : std::integral_constant<
bool,
!std::is_const<const T>::value && !std::is_reference<T>::value
> {};

The implementation shown below is for pedagogical purposes, since it exhibits the
myriad kinds of function types.

Possible implementation¶

// primary template
template<class>
struct is_function : std::false_type {};

// specialization for regular functions
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...)> : std::true_type {};

// specialization for variadic functions such as std::printf
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......)> : std::true_type {};

// specialization for function types that have cv-qualifiers
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) const> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) volatile> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) const volatile> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) const> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) volatile> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) const volatile> : std::true_type {};

// specialization for function types that have ref-qualifiers
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) &> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) const &> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) volatile &> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) const volatile &> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) &> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) const &> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) volatile &> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) const volatile &> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) &&> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) const &&> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) volatile &&> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) const volatile &&> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) &&> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) const &&> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) volatile &&> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) const volatile &&> : std::true_type {};

// specializations for noexcept versions of all the above (C++17 and later)
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) const noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) volatile noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) const volatile noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) const noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) volatile noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) const volatile noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) & noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) const & noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) volatile & noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) const volatile & noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) & noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) const & noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) volatile & noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) const volatile & noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) && noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) const && noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) volatile && noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args...) const volatile && noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) && noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) const && noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) volatile && noexcept> : std::true_type {};
template<class Ret, class... Args>
struct is_function<Ret(Args......) const volatile && noexcept> : std::true_type {};

Example¶

// Run this code

#include <functional>
#include <type_traits>

int f();
static_assert(std::is_function_v<decltype(f)>);

static_assert(std::is_function_v<int(int)>);
static_assert(!std::is_function_v<int>);
static_assert(!std::is_function_v<decltype([]{})>);
static_assert(!std::is_function_v<std::function<void()>>);

struct O { void operator()() {} };
static_assert(std::is_function_v<O()>);

struct A
{
static int foo();
int fun() const&;
};
static_assert(!std::is_function_v<A>);
static_assert(std::is_function_v<decltype(A::foo)>);
static_assert(!std::is_function_v<decltype(&A::fun)>);

template<typename>
struct PM_traits {};
template<class T, class U>
struct PM_traits<U T::*> { using member_type = U; };

int main()
{
using T = PM_traits<decltype(&A::fun)>::member_type; // T is int() const&
static_assert(std::is_function_v<T>);
}

See also¶

is_invocable
is_invocable_r checks if a type can be invoked (as if by std::invoke) with
is_nothrow_invocable the given argument types
is_nothrow_invocable_r (class template)
(C++17)
is_object checks if a type is an object type
(C++11) (class template)
is_class checks if a type is a non-union class type
(C++11) (class template)