NAME¶

std::experimental::filesystem::path - std::experimental::filesystem::path

Synopsis¶

Defined in header <experimental/filesystem>
class path; (filesystem TS)

Objects of type path represent paths on a filesystem. Only syntactic aspects of
paths are handled: the pathname may represent a non-existing path or even one that
is not allowed to exist on the current file system or OS.

The path name has the following syntax:

1. root-name(optional): identifies the root on a filesystem with multiple roots
(such as "C:" or "//myserver". POSIX filesystems have single root.
2. root-directory(optional): a directory separator that, if present, marks this
path as absolute. If it is missing (and the first element other than the root
name is a file name), then the path is relative and requires another path as the
starting location to resolve to a file name.
3. Zero or more of the following:

* file-name: sequence of characters that aren't directory separators or
preferred directory separators (additional limitations may be imposed
by the OS or file system). This name may identify a file, a hard link,
a symbolic link, or a directory. Two special file-names are recognized:

* dot: the file name consisting of a single dot character .
is a directory name that refers to the current directory
* dot-dot: the file name consisting of two dot characters ..
is a directory name that refers to the parent directory.

* directory-separators: the forward slash character / or the alternative
character provided as path::preferred_separator. If this character is
repeated, it is treated as a single directory separator: /usr///////lib
is the same as /usr/lib

The path can be traversed element-wise via iterators returned by the begin() and
end() functions, which iterates over root name, root directory, and the subsequent
file name elements (directory separators are skipped except the one that identifies
the root directory). If the very last element in the path is a directory separator,
the last iterator will dereference to a file name dot.

Calling any non-const member function of a path invalidates all iterators referring
to elements of that object.

If the OS uses a native syntax that is different from the portable generic syntax
described above, all library functions accept path names in both formats.

Paths are implicitly convertible to and from std::basic_strings, which makes it
possible to use them with other file APIs, e.g. as an argument to
std::ifstream::open

Member types¶

Type Definition
value_type character type used by the native encoding of the filesystem: char on
POSIX, wchar_t on Windows
string_type std::basic_string<value_type>
const_iterator a constant LegacyBidirectionalIterator with a value_type of path
iterator an alias to const_iterator

Member constants¶

alternative directory separator which may be used in addition
constexpr value_type to the portable /. On Windows, this is the backslash character
preferred_separator \. On POSIX, this is the same forward slash / as the portable
[static] separator
(public static member constant)

Member functions¶

constructor constructs a path
(public member function)
destructor destroys a path object
(public member function)
operator= assigns another path
(public member function)
assign assigns contents
(public member function)
Concatenation
append appends elements to the path
operator/= (public member function)
concat concatenates two paths without introducing a directory
operator+= separator
(public member function)

Modifiers¶

clear erases the contents
(public member function)
make_preferred converts directory separators to preferred directory separator
(public member function)
remove_filename removes filename path component
(public member function)
replace_filename replaces the last path component with another path
(public member function)
replace_extension replaces the extension
(public member function)
swap swaps two paths
(public member function)
Format observers
c_str returns the native version of the path
native (public member function)
operator string_type
string
wstring returns the path in native pathname format converted to a
u8string string
u16string (public member function)
u32string
generic_string
generic_wstring returns the path in generic pathname format converted to a
generic_u8string string
generic_u16string (public member function)
generic_u32string
Compare
compares the lexical representations of two paths
compare lexicographically
(public member function)
Decomposition
root_name returns the root-name of the path, if present
(public member function)
root_directory returns the root directory of the path, if present
(public member function)
root_path returns the root path of the path, if present
(public member function)
relative_path returns path relative to the root path
(public member function)
parent_path returns the path of the parent path
(public member function)
filename returns the filename path component
(public member function)
stem returns the stem path component
(public member function)
extension returns the file extension path component
(public member function)
Queries
empty checks if the path is empty
(public member function)
has_root_path
has_root_name
has_root_directory
has_relative_path checks if the corresponding path element is not empty
has_parent_path (public member function)
has_filename
has_stem
has_extension
is_absolute checks if root_path() uniquely identifies file system location
is_relative (public member function)

Iterators¶

begin iterator access to the path as a sequence of elements
end (public member function)

Non-member functions¶

swap(std::experimental::filesystem::path) swaps two paths
(function)
operator==
operator!=
operator< lexicographically compares two paths
operator<= (function)
operator>
operator>=
concatenates two paths with a directory
operator/ separator
(function)
operator<< performs stream input and output on a path
operator>> (function)
u8path creates a path from a UTF-8 encoded source
(function)