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std::condition_variable_any::wait_for(3) | C++ Standard Libary | std::condition_variable_any::wait_for(3) |
NAME¶
std::condition_variable_any::wait_for - std::condition_variable_any::wait_for
Synopsis¶
template< class Lock, class Rep, class Period >
std::cv_status wait_for( Lock& lock, (1) (since C++11)
const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& rel_time);
template< class Lock, class Rep, class Period, class Predicate >
bool wait_for( Lock& lock, (2) (since C++11)
const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& rel_time,
Predicate stop_waiting);
template< class Lock, class Rep, class Period, class Predicate >
bool wait_for( Lock& lock,
std::stop_token stoken, (3) (since C++20)
const std::chrono::duration<Rep, Period>& rel_time,
Predicate stop_waiting);
1) Atomically releases lock, blocks the current executing thread, and adds it
to the
list of threads waiting on *this. The thread will be unblocked when
notify_all() or
notify_one() is executed, or when the relative timeout rel_time expires. It
may also
be unblocked spuriously. When unblocked, regardless of the reason, lock is
reacquired and wait_for() exits.
2) Equivalent to return wait_until(lock, std::chrono::steady_clock::now() +
rel_time, std::move(stop_waiting));. This overload may be used to ignore
spurious
awakenings by looping until some predicate is satisfied (bool(stop_waiting())
==
true).
3) Equivalent to return wait_until(lock, std::move(stoken),
std::chrono::steady_clock::now() + rel_time, std::move(stop_waiting));
The standard recommends that a steady clock be used to measure the duration.
This
function may block for longer than timeout_duration due to scheduling or
resource
contention delays.
If these functions fail to meet the postcondition (lock is locked by the
calling
thread), std::terminate is called. For example, this could happen if
relocking the
mutex throws an exception.
Parameters¶
lock - an object of type Lock that meets the BasicLockable
requirements,
which must be locked by the current thread
stoken - a std::stop_token to register interruption for
an object of type std::chrono::duration representing the maximum time
rel_time - to spend waiting. Note that rel_time must be small enough not to
overflow when added to std::chrono::steady_clock::now().
predicate which returns false if the waiting should be continued
(bool(stop_waiting()) == false).
stop_waiting - The signature of the predicate function should be equivalent
to the
following:
bool pred();
Return value¶
1) std::cv_status::timeout if the relative timeout specified by
rel_time expired,
std::cv_status::no_timeout otherwise.
2) false if the predicate stop_waiting still evaluates to false after the
rel_time
timeout expired, otherwise true.
3) stop_waiting(), regardless of whether the timeout was met or stop was
requested.
Exceptions¶
1) Any exception thrown by clock, time_point, or duration during
the execution
(clocks, time points, and durations provided by the standard library never
throw)
2) Same as (1) but may also propagate exceptions thrown by
stop_waiting
3) Same as (2)
Notes¶
Even if notified under lock, overload (1) makes no
guarantees about the state of the
associated predicate when returning due to timeout.
The effects of notify_one()/notify_all() and each of the three atomic parts
of
wait()/wait_for()/wait_until() (unlock+wait, wakeup, and lock) take place in
a
single total order that can be viewed as modification order of an atomic
variable:
the order is specific to this individual condition variable. This makes it
impossible for notify_one() to, for example, be delayed and unblock a thread
that
started waiting just after the call to notify_one() was made.
Example¶
// Run this code
#include <iostream>
#include <atomic>
#include <condition_variable>
#include <thread>
#include <chrono>
using namespace std::chrono_literals;
std::condition_variable_any cv;
std::mutex cv_m;
int i;
void waits(int idx)
{
std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
if(cv.wait_for(lk, idx*100ms, []{return i == 1;}))
std::cerr << "Thread " << idx << " finished
waiting. i == " << i << '\n';
else
std::cerr << "Thread " << idx << " timed
out. i == " << i << '\n';
}
void signals()
{
std::this_thread::sleep_for(120ms);
std::cerr << "Notifying...\n";
cv.notify_all();
std::this_thread::sleep_for(100ms);
{
std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lk(cv_m);
i = 1;
}
std::cerr << "Notifying again...\n";
cv.notify_all();
}
int main()
{
std::thread t1(waits, 1), t2(waits, 2), t3(waits, 3), t4(signals);
t1.join();
t2.join();
t3.join();
t4.join();
}
Output:¶
Thread 1 timed out. i == 0
Notifying...
Thread 2 timed out. i == 0
Notifying again...
Thread 3 finished waiting. i == 1
Defect reports
The following behavior-changing defect reports were applied retroactively to
previously published C++ standards.
DR Applied to Behavior as published Correct behavior
LWG 2093 C++11 timeout-related exceptions were missing in mentioned
the specification
LWG 2135 C++11 wait_for threw an exception on calls std::terminate
unlocking/relocking failure
See also¶
wait blocks the current thread until the condition variable is
woken up
(public member function)
blocks the current thread until the condition variable is woken up or
wait_until until specified time point has been reached
(public member function)
2022.07.31 | http://cppreference.com |