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SPFQUERY(1) User Contributed Perl Documentation SPFQUERY(1)

NAME

spfquery - (Mail::SPF) - Checks if a given set of e-mail parameters matches a domain's SPF policy

VERSION

2.501

SYNOPSIS

spfquery [--versions|-v 1|2|1,2] [--scope|-s helo|mfrom|pra] --identity|--id identity --ip-address|--ip ip-address [--helo-identity|--helo-id helo-identity] [OPTIONS]

spfquery [--versions|-v 1|2|1,2] [--scope|-s helo|mfrom|pra] --file|-f filename|- [OPTIONS]

spfquery --helo helo-identity --ip-address|--ip ip-address [OPTIONS]

spfquery --mfrom mfrom-identity --ip-address|--ip ip-address [--helo helo-identity] [OPTIONS]

spfquery --pra pra-identity --ip-address|--ip ip-address [OPTIONS]

spfquery --version|-V

spfquery --help

DESCRIPTION

spfquery checks if a given set of e-mail parameters (e.g., the SMTP sender's IP address) matches the responsible domain's Sender Policy Framework (SPF) policy. For more information on SPF see <http://www.openspf.org>.

Preferred Usage

The following usage forms are preferred over the legacy forms used by older spfquery versions:

The --identity form checks if the given ip-address is an authorized SMTP sender for the given "helo" hostname, "mfrom" envelope sender e-mail address, or "pra" (so-called purported resonsible address) e-mail address, depending on the value of the --scope option (which defaults to mfrom if omitted).

The --file form reads "ip-address identity [helo-identity]" tuples from the file with the specified filename, or from standard input if filename is -, and checks them against the specified scope (mfrom by default).

Both forms support an optional --versions option, which specifies a comma-separated list of the SPF version numbers of SPF records that may be used. 1 means that "v=spf1" records should be used. 2 means that "spf2.0" records should be used. Defaults to 1,2, i.e., uses any SPF records that are available. Records of a higher version are preferred.

Legacy Usage

spfquery versions before 2.500 featured the following usage forms, which are discouraged but still supported for backwards compatibility:

The --helo form checks if the given ip-address is an authorized SMTP sender for the "HELO" hostname given as the identity (so-called "HELO" check).

The --mfrom form checks if the given ip-address is an authorized SMTP sender for the envelope sender email-address (or domain) given as the identity (so-called "MAIL FROM" check). If a domain is given instead of an e-mail address, "postmaster" will be substituted for the localpart.

The --pra form checks if the given ip-address is an authorized SMTP sender for the PRA (Purported Responsible Address) e-mail address given as the identity.

Other Usage

The --version form prints version information of spfquery. The --help form prints usage information for spfquery.

OPTIONS

Standard Options

The preferred and legacy forms optionally take any of the following OPTIONS:

Use the specified string as the default explanation if the authority domain does not specify an explanation string of its own.
Use hostname as the host name of the local system instead of auto-detecting it.
Do (not) print any comments found when reading from a file or from standard input.
Do (not) sanitize the output by condensing consecutive white-space into a single space and replacing non-printable characters with question marks. Enabled by default.
Print out debug information.

Black Magic Options

Several options that were supported by earlier versions of spfquery are considered black magic (i.e. potentially dangerous for the innocent user) and are thus disabled by default. If the Mail::SPF::BlackMagic Perl module is installed, they may be enabled by specifying --enable-black-magic.

Evaluate a maximum of n DNS-interactive mechanisms and modifiers per SPF check. Defaults to 10. Do not override the default unless you know what you are doing!
Perform a maximum of n DNS name look-ups per mechanism or modifier. Defaults to 10. Do not override the default unless you know what you are doing!
Consider all the MXes of the comma-separated list of email-addresses and domains as inherently authorized.
Perform "trusted-forwarder.org" accreditation checking.
Use spf-terms as a default record if no SPF record is found.
Process spf-terms as local policy before resorting to a default result (the implicit or explicit "all" mechanism at the end of the domain's SPF record). For example, this could be used for white-listing one's secondary MXes: "mx:mydomain.example.org".
Set overrides and fallbacks. Each option can be specified multiple times. For example: 

    --override example.org='v=spf1 -all'
    --override '*.example.net'='v=spf1 a mx -all'
    --fallback example.com='v=spf1 -all'

RESULT CODES

The specified IP address is an authorized SMTP sender for the identity.
The specified IP address is not an authorized SMTP sender for the identity.
The specified IP address is not an authorized SMTP sender for the identity, however the authority domain is still testing out its SPF policy.
The identity's authority domain makes no assertion about the status of the IP address.
A permanent error occurred while evaluating the authority domain's policy (e.g., a syntax error in the SPF record). Manual intervention is required from the authority domain.
A temporary error occurred while evaluating the authority domain's policy (e.g., a DNS error). Try again later.
There is no applicable SPF policy for the identity domain.

EXIT CODES

  Result    | Exit code
 -----------+-----------
  pass      |     0
  fail      |     1
  softfail  |     2
  neutral   |     3
  permerror |     4
  temperror |     5
  none      |     6

EXAMPLES

    spfquery --scope mfrom --id user@example.com --ip 1.2.3.4
    spfquery --file test_data
    echo "127.0.0.1 user@example.com helohost.example.com" | spfquery -f -

COMPATIBILITY

spfquery has undergone the following interface changes compared to earlier versions:

2.500
  • A new preferred usage style for performing individual SPF checks has been introduced. The new style accepts a unified --identity option and an optional --scope option that specifies the type (scope) of the identity. In contrast, the legacy usage style requires a separate usage form for every supported scope. See "Preferred usage" and "Legacy usage" for details.
  • The former "unknown" and "error" result codes have been renamed to "permerror" and "temperror", respectively, in order to comply with RFC 4408 terminology.
  • SPF checks with an empty identity are no longer supported. In the case of an empty "MAIL FROM" SMTP transaction parameter, perform a check with the "helo" scope directly.
  • The --debug and --(no-)sanitize options are currently ignored by this version of spfquery. They will again be supported in the future.
  • Several features that were supported by earlier versions of spfquery are considered black magic and thus are now disabled by default. See "Black Magic Options".
  • Several option names have been deprecated. This is a list of them and their preferred synonyms: 

      Deprecated options  | Preferred options
 ---------------------+-----------------------------
  --sender, -s        | --mfrom
  --ipv4, -i          | --ip-address, --ip
  --name              | --hostname
  --max-lookup-count, | --max-dns-interactive-terms
    --max-lookup      |
  --rcpt-to, -r       | --authorize-mxes-for
  --trusted           | --tfwl

SEE ALSO

Mail::SPF, spfd(8)

<http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4408>

AUTHORS

This version of spfquery is a complete rewrite by Julian Mehnle <julian@mehnle.net>, based on an earlier version written by Meng Weng Wong <mengwong+spf@pobox.com> and Wayne Schlitt <wayne@schlitt.net>.

2024-11-07 perl v5.40.0