Comparison¶

val equal : ('a -> 'a -> bool) -> 'a list -> 'a list -> bool

equal eq [a1; ...; an] [b1; ..; bm] holds when the two input lists have the same length, and for each pair of elements ai , bi at the same position we have eq ai bi .

Note: the eq function may be called even if the lists have different length. If you know your equality function is costly, you may want to check List.compare_lengths first.

Since 4.12.0

val compare : ('a -> 'a -> int) -> 'a list -> 'a list -> int

compare cmp [a1; ...; an] [b1; ...; bm] performs a lexicographic comparison of the two input lists, using the same 'a -> 'a -> int interface as compare :

- a1 :: l1 is smaller than a2 :: l2 (negative result) if a1 is smaller than a2 , or if they are equal (0 result) and l1 is smaller than l2

-the empty list [] is strictly smaller than non-empty lists

Note: the cmp function will be called even if the lists have different lengths.

Since 4.12.0

Iterators¶

val iter : ('a -> unit) -> 'a list -> unit

iter f [a1; ...; an] applies function f in turn to a1; ...; an . It is equivalent to begin f a1; f a2; ...; f an; () end .

val iteri : (int -> 'a -> unit) -> 'a list -> unit

Same as List.iter , but the function is applied to the index of the element as first argument (counting from 0), and the element itself as second argument.

Since 4.00.0

val map : ('a -> 'b) -> 'a list -> 'b list

map f [a1; ...; an] applies function f to a1, ..., an , and builds the list [f a1; ...; f an] with the results returned by f . Not tail-recursive.

val mapi : (int -> 'a -> 'b) -> 'a list -> 'b list

Same as List.map , but the function is applied to the index of the element as first argument (counting from 0), and the element itself as second argument. Not tail-recursive.

Since 4.00.0

val rev_map : ('a -> 'b) -> 'a list -> 'b list

rev_map f l gives the same result as List.rev ( List.map f l) , but is tail-recursive and more efficient.

val filter_map : ('a -> 'b option) -> 'a list -> 'b list

filter_map f l applies f to every element of l , filters out the None elements and returns the list of the arguments of the Some elements.

Since 4.08.0

val concat_map : ('a -> 'b list) -> 'a list -> 'b list

concat_map f l gives the same result as List.concat ( List.map f l) . Tail-recursive.

Since 4.10.0

val fold_left_map : ('a -> 'b -> 'a * 'c) -> 'a -> 'b list -> 'a * 'c list

fold_left_map is a combination of fold_left and map that threads an accumulator through calls to f .

Since 4.11.0

val fold_left : ('a -> 'b -> 'a) -> 'a -> 'b list -> 'a

fold_left f init [b1; ...; bn] is f (... (f (f init b1) b2) ...) bn .

val fold_right : ('a -> 'b -> 'b) -> 'a list -> 'b -> 'b

fold_right f [a1; ...; an] init is f a1 (f a2 (... (f an init) ...)) . Not tail-recursive.

Iterators on two lists¶

val iter2 : ('a -> 'b -> unit) -> 'a list -> 'b list -> unit

iter2 f [a1; ...; an] [b1; ...; bn] calls in turn f a1 b1; ...; f an bn .

Raises Invalid_argument if the two lists are determined to have different lengths.

val map2 : ('a -> 'b -> 'c) -> 'a list -> 'b list -> 'c list

map2 f [a1; ...; an] [b1; ...; bn] is [f a1 b1; ...; f an bn] .

Raises Invalid_argument if the two lists are determined to have different lengths. Not tail-recursive.

val rev_map2 : ('a -> 'b -> 'c) -> 'a list -> 'b list -> 'c list

rev_map2 f l1 l2 gives the same result as List.rev ( List.map2 f l1 l2) , but is tail-recursive and more efficient.

val fold_left2 : ('a -> 'b -> 'c -> 'a) -> 'a -> 'b list -> 'c list -> 'a

fold_left2 f init [a1; ...; an] [b1; ...; bn] is f (... (f (f init a1 b1) a2 b2) ...) an bn .

Raises Invalid_argument if the two lists are determined to have different lengths.

val fold_right2 : ('a -> 'b -> 'c -> 'c) -> 'a list -> 'b list -> 'c -> 'c

fold_right2 f [a1; ...; an] [b1; ...; bn] init is f a1 b1 (f a2 b2 (... (f an bn init) ...)) .

Raises Invalid_argument if the two lists are determined to have different lengths. Not tail-recursive.

List scanning¶

val for_all : ('a -> bool) -> 'a list -> bool

for_all f [a1; ...; an] checks if all elements of the list satisfy the predicate f . That is, it returns (f a1) && (f a2) && ... && (f an) for a non-empty list and true if the list is empty.

val exists : ('a -> bool) -> 'a list -> bool

exists f [a1; ...; an] checks if at least one element of the list satisfies the predicate f . That is, it returns (f a1) || (f a2) || ... || (f an) for a non-empty list and false if the list is empty.

val for_all2 : ('a -> 'b -> bool) -> 'a list -> 'b list -> bool

Same as List.for_all , but for a two-argument predicate.

Raises Invalid_argument if the two lists are determined to have different lengths.

val exists2 : ('a -> 'b -> bool) -> 'a list -> 'b list -> bool

Same as List.exists , but for a two-argument predicate.

Raises Invalid_argument if the two lists are determined to have different lengths.

val mem : 'a -> 'a list -> bool

mem a set is true if and only if a is equal to an element of set .

val memq : 'a -> 'a list -> bool

Same as List.mem , but uses physical equality instead of structural equality to compare list elements.

List searching¶

val find : ('a -> bool) -> 'a list -> 'a

find f l returns the first element of the list l that satisfies the predicate f .

Raises Not_found if there is no value that satisfies f in the list l .

val find_opt : ('a -> bool) -> 'a list -> 'a option

find f l returns the first element of the list l that satisfies the predicate f . Returns None if there is no value that satisfies f in the list l .

Since 4.05

val find_map : ('a -> 'b option) -> 'a list -> 'b option

find_map f l applies f to the elements of l in order, and returns the first result of the form Some v , or None if none exist.

Since 4.10.0

val filter : ('a -> bool) -> 'a list -> 'a list

filter f l returns all the elements of the list l that satisfy the predicate f . The order of the elements in the input list is preserved.

val find_all : ('a -> bool) -> 'a list -> 'a list

find_all is another name for List.filter .

val filteri : (int -> 'a -> bool) -> 'a list -> 'a list

Same as List.filter , but the predicate is applied to the index of the element as first argument (counting from 0), and the element itself as second argument.

Since 4.11.0

val partition : ('a -> bool) -> 'a list -> 'a list * 'a list

partition f l returns a pair of lists (l1, l2) , where l1 is the list of all the elements of l that satisfy the predicate f , and l2 is the list of all the elements of l that do not satisfy f . The order of the elements in the input list is preserved.

val partition_map : ('a -> ('b, 'c) Either.t) -> 'a list -> 'b list * 'c list

partition_map f l returns a pair of lists (l1, l2) such that, for each element x of the input list l :

-if f x is Left y1 , then y1 is in l1 , and

-if f x is Right y2 , then y2 is in l2 .

The output elements are included in l1 and l2 in the same relative order as the corresponding input elements in l .

In particular, partition_map (fun x -> if f x then Left x else Right x) l is equivalent to partition f l .

Since 4.12.0

Association lists¶

val assoc : 'a -> ('a * 'b) list -> 'b

assoc a l returns the value associated with key a in the list of pairs l . That is, assoc a [ ...; (a,b); ...] = b if (a,b) is the leftmost binding of a in list l .

Raises Not_found if there is no value associated with a in the list l .

val assoc_opt : 'a -> ('a * 'b) list -> 'b option

assoc_opt a l returns the value associated with key a in the list of pairs l . That is, assoc_opt a [ ...; (a,b); ...] = Some b if (a,b) is the leftmost binding of a in list l . Returns None if there is no value associated with a in the list l .

Since 4.05

val assq : 'a -> ('a * 'b) list -> 'b

Same as List.assoc , but uses physical equality instead of structural equality to compare keys.

val assq_opt : 'a -> ('a * 'b) list -> 'b option

Same as List.assoc_opt , but uses physical equality instead of structural equality to compare keys.

Since 4.05.0

val mem_assoc : 'a -> ('a * 'b) list -> bool

Same as List.assoc , but simply return true if a binding exists, and false if no bindings exist for the given key.

val mem_assq : 'a -> ('a * 'b) list -> bool

Same as List.mem_assoc , but uses physical equality instead of structural equality to compare keys.

val remove_assoc : 'a -> ('a * 'b) list -> ('a * 'b) list

remove_assoc a l returns the list of pairs l without the first pair with key a , if any. Not tail-recursive.

val remove_assq : 'a -> ('a * 'b) list -> ('a * 'b) list

Same as List.remove_assoc , but uses physical equality instead of structural equality to compare keys. Not tail-recursive.

Lists of pairs¶

val split : ('a * 'b) list -> 'a list * 'b list

Transform a list of pairs into a pair of lists: split [(a1,b1); ...; (an,bn)] is ([a1; ...; an], [b1; ...; bn]) . Not tail-recursive.

val combine : 'a list -> 'b list -> ('a * 'b) list

Transform a pair of lists into a list of pairs: combine [a1; ...; an] [b1; ...; bn] is [(a1,b1); ...; (an,bn)] .

Raises Invalid_argument if the two lists have different lengths. Not tail-recursive.

Sorting¶

val sort : ('a -> 'a -> int) -> 'a list -> 'a list

Sort a list in increasing order according to a comparison function. The comparison function must return 0 if its arguments compare as equal, a positive integer if the first is greater, and a negative integer if the first is smaller (see Array.sort for a complete specification). For example, compare is a suitable comparison function. The resulting list is sorted in increasing order. List.sort is guaranteed to run in constant heap space (in addition to the size of the result list) and logarithmic stack space.

The current implementation uses Merge Sort. It runs in constant heap space and logarithmic stack space.

val stable_sort : ('a -> 'a -> int) -> 'a list -> 'a list

Same as List.sort , but the sorting algorithm is guaranteed to be stable (i.e. elements that compare equal are kept in their original order).

The current implementation uses Merge Sort. It runs in constant heap space and logarithmic stack space.

val fast_sort : ('a -> 'a -> int) -> 'a list -> 'a list

Same as List.sort or List.stable_sort , whichever is faster on typical input.

val sort_uniq : ('a -> 'a -> int) -> 'a list -> 'a list

Same as List.sort , but also remove duplicates.

Since 4.02.0 (4.03.0 in ListLabels)

val merge : ('a -> 'a -> int) -> 'a list -> 'a list -> 'a list

Merge two lists: Assuming that l1 and l2 are sorted according to the comparison function cmp , merge cmp l1 l2 will return a sorted list containing all the elements of l1 and l2 . If several elements compare equal, the elements of l1 will be before the elements of l2 . Not tail-recursive (sum of the lengths of the arguments).

Lists and Sequences¶

val to_seq : 'a list -> 'a Seq.t

Iterate on the list.

Since 4.07

val of_seq : 'a Seq.t -> 'a list

Create a list from a sequence.

Since 4.07