NAME¶

nbdkit-rate-filter - limit bandwidth by connection or server

SYNOPSIS¶

 nbdkit --filter=rate PLUGIN [PLUGIN-ARGS...]
                      [rate=BITSPERSEC]
                      [connection-rate=BITSPERSEC]
                      [rate-file=FILENAME]
                      [connection-rate-file=FILENAME]
                      [burstiness=SECS]

DESCRIPTION¶

"nbdkit-rate-filter" is a filter that limits the bandwidth that can be used by the server. Limits can be applied per connection and/or for the server as a whole.

EXAMPLES¶

nbdkit --filter=rate memory 64M rate=1M

Create a 64M RAM disk and limit server bandwidth as a whole to a maximum of 1 Mbps (megabit per second).

nbdkit --filter=rate memory 64M connection-rate=50K

Limit each connection to 50 Kbps (kilobits per second). However as there is no limit to the number of simultaneous connections this does not limit overall server bandwidth.

nbdkit --filter=rate memory 64M connection-rate=50K rate=1M

Limit each connection to 50 Kbps. Additionally the total bandwidth across all connections to the server is limited to 1 Mbps.

nbdkit --filter=rate memory 64M rate=1M rate-file=/tmp/rate

Initially limit bandwidth to 1 Mbps. While the server is running the rate can be adjusted dynamically by writing a different rate into /tmp/rate.

PARAMETERS¶

connection-rate=BITSPERSEC

Limit each connection to "BITSPERSEC".

rate=BITSPERSEC

Limit total bandwidth across all connections to "BITSPERSEC".

connection-rate-file=FILENAME

rate-file=FILENAME

Adjust the per-connection or total bandwidth dynamically by writing "BITSPERSEC" into "FILENAME". See "DYNAMIC ADJUSTMENT" below.

burstiness=SECS

Control the bucket capacity, expressed as a length of time in "rate-equivalent seconds" that the client is allowed to burst for after a period of inactivity. The default is 2.0 seconds. It's not recommended to set this smaller than the default.

"BITSPERSEC" can be specified as a simple number, or you can use a number followed by "K", "M" etc to mean kilobits, megabits and so on.

DYNAMIC ADJUSTMENT¶

Using the "connection-rate-file" or "rate-file" parameters you can dynamically adjust the bandwidth while the server is running.

If the file is not present when the server starts up then the initial rate is taken from the associated "connection-rate" or "rate" parameter (or if that is not present, then it is unlimited). If the file is deleted while the server is running then the last rate read from the file continues to be used.

The file should be updated atomically (eg. create a new file, then rename or mv(1) the new file over the old file).

There will be a short delay between the file being updated and the new rate coming into effect.

NOTES¶

You can specify "rate" and "connection-rate" on their own or together. If you specify neither, the filter is turned off.

The rate filter approximates the bandwidth used by the NBD protocol on the wire. Some operations such as zeroing and trimming are effectively free (because only a tiny NBD message is sent over the network) and so do not count against the bandwidth limit. NBD and TCP protocol overhead is not included, so you may find that other tools such as tc(8) and iptables(8) give more accurate results.

There are separate bandwidth limits for read and write (ie. download and upload to the server).

If the size of requests made by your client is much larger than the rate limit then you can see long, lumpy sleeps in this filter. In the future we may modify the filter to break up large requests automatically in order to limit the length of sleeps. Placing the nbdkit-blocksize-filter(1) in front of this filter, or adjusting "burstiness" upwards may help.

FILES¶

$filterdir/nbdkit-rate-filter.so

The filter.

Use "nbdkit --dump-config" to find the location of $filterdir.

VERSION¶

"nbdkit-rate-filter" first appeared in nbdkit 1.12.

SEE ALSO¶

nbdkit(1), nbdkit-blocksize-filter(1), nbdkit-delay-filter(1), nbdkit-exitlast-filter(1), nbdkit-exitwhen-filter(1), nbdkit-limit-filter(1), nbdkit-pause-filter(1), nbdkit-spinning-filter(1), nbdkit-filter(3), iptables(8), tc(8).

AUTHORS¶

Richard W.M. Jones

COPYRIGHT¶

Copyright Red Hat

LICENSE¶

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

• Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
• Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
• Neither the name of Red Hat nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY RED HAT AND CONTRIBUTORS ''AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL RED HAT OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.