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FFMPEG-CODECS(1) FFMPEG-CODECS(1)

NAME

ffmpeg-codecs - FFmpeg codecs

DESCRIPTION

This document describes the codecs (decoders and encoders) provided by the libavcodec library.

CODEC OPTIONS

libavcodec provides some generic global options, which can be set on all the encoders and decoders. In addition each codec may support so-called private options, which are specific for a given codec.

Sometimes, a global option may only affect a specific kind of codec, and may be nonsensical or ignored by another, so you need to be aware of the meaning of the specified options. Also some options are meant only for decoding or encoding.

Options may be set by specifying -option value in the FFmpeg tools, or by setting the value explicitly in the "AVCodecContext" options or using the libavutil/opt.h API for programmatic use.

The list of supported options follow:

Set bitrate in bits/s. Default value is 200K.
Set audio bitrate (in bits/s). Default value is 128K.
Set video bitrate tolerance (in bits/s). In 1-pass mode, bitrate tolerance specifies how far ratecontrol is willing to deviate from the target average bitrate value. This is not related to min/max bitrate. Lowering tolerance too much has an adverse effect on quality.
Set generic flags.

Possible values:

Use four motion vector by macroblock (mpeg4).
Use 1/4 pel motion compensation.
Use loop filter.
Use fixed qscale.
Use internal 2pass ratecontrol in first pass mode.
Use internal 2pass ratecontrol in second pass mode.
Only decode/encode grayscale.
Set error[?] variables during encoding.
Input bitstream might be randomly truncated.
Don't output frames whose parameters differ from first decoded frame in stream. Error AVERROR_INPUT_CHANGED is returned when a frame is dropped.
Use interlaced DCT.
Force low delay.
Place global headers in extradata instead of every keyframe.
Only write platform-, build- and time-independent data. (except (I)DCT). This ensures that file and data checksums are reproducible and match between platforms. Its primary use is for regression testing.
Apply H263 advanced intra coding / mpeg4 ac prediction.
Apply interlaced motion estimation.
Use closed gop.
Output even potentially corrupted frames.
Set codec time base.

It is the fundamental unit of time (in seconds) in terms of which frame timestamps are represented. For fixed-fps content, timebase should be "1 / frame_rate" and timestamp increments should be identically 1.

Set the group of picture (GOP) size. Default value is 12.
Set audio sampling rate (in Hz).
Set number of audio channels.
Set cutoff bandwidth. (Supported only by selected encoders, see their respective documentation sections.)
Set audio frame size.

Each submitted frame except the last must contain exactly frame_size samples per channel. May be 0 when the codec has CODEC_CAP_VARIABLE_FRAME_SIZE set, in that case the frame size is not restricted. It is set by some decoders to indicate constant frame size.

Set the frame number.
Set video quantizer scale compression (VBR). It is used as a constant in the ratecontrol equation. Recommended range for default rc_eq: 0.0-1.0.
Set video quantizer scale blur (VBR).
Set min video quantizer scale (VBR). Must be included between -1 and 69, default value is 2.
Set max video quantizer scale (VBR). Must be included between -1 and 1024, default value is 31.
Set max difference between the quantizer scale (VBR).
Set max number of B frames between non-B-frames.

Must be an integer between -1 and 16. 0 means that B-frames are disabled. If a value of -1 is used, it will choose an automatic value depending on the encoder.

Default value is 0.

Set qp factor between P and B frames.
Set strategy to choose between I/P/B-frames.
Set RTP payload size in bytes.
Workaround not auto detected encoder bugs.

Possible values:

Xvid interlacing bug (autodetected if fourcc==XVIX)
(autodetected if fourcc==UMP4)
padding bug (autodetected)
old standard qpel (autodetected per fourcc/version)
direct-qpel-blocksize bug (autodetected per fourcc/version)
edge padding bug (autodetected per fourcc/version)
Workaround various bugs in microsoft broken decoders.
trancated frames
Specify how strictly to follow the standards.

Possible values:

strictly conform to an older more strict version of the spec or reference software
strictly conform to all the things in the spec no matter what consequences
allow unofficial extensions
allow non standardized experimental things, experimental (unfinished/work in progress/not well tested) decoders and encoders. Note: experimental decoders can pose a security risk, do not use this for decoding untrusted input.
Set QP offset between P and B frames.
Set error detection flags.

Possible values:

verify embedded CRCs
detect bitstream specification deviations
detect improper bitstream length
abort decoding on minor error detection
ignore decoding errors, and continue decoding. This is useful if you want to analyze the content of a video and thus want everything to be decoded no matter what. This option will not result in a video that is pleasing to watch in case of errors.
consider things that violate the spec and have not been seen in the wild as errors
consider all spec non compliancies as errors
consider things that a sane encoder should not do as an error
Use MPEG quantizers instead of H.263.
Set max bitrate tolerance (in bits/s). Requires bufsize to be set.
Set min bitrate tolerance (in bits/s). Most useful in setting up a CBR encode. It is of little use elsewise.
Set ratecontrol buffer size (in bits).
Set QP factor between P and I frames.
Set QP offset between P and I frames.
Set DCT algorithm.

Possible values:

autoselect a good one (default)
fast integer
accurate integer
floating point AAN DCT
Compress bright areas stronger than medium ones.
Set temporal complexity masking.
Set spatial complexity masking.
Set inter masking.
Compress dark areas stronger than medium ones.
Select IDCT implementation.

Possible values:

Automatically pick a IDCT compatible with the simple one
floating point AAN IDCT
Set error concealment strategy.

Possible values:

iterative motion vector (MV) search (slow)
use strong deblock filter for damaged MBs
favor predicting from the previous frame instead of the current
Set prediction method.

Possible values:

Set sample aspect ratio.
Set sample aspect ratio. Alias to aspect.
Print specific debug info.

Possible values:

picture info
rate control
macroblock (MB) type
per-block quantization parameter (QP)
display complexity metadata for the upcoming frame, GoP or for a given duration.
error recognition
memory management control operations (H.264)
picture buffer allocations
threading operations
skip motion compensation
Set full pel me compare function.

Possible values:

sum of absolute differences, fast (default)
sum of squared errors
sum of absolute Hadamard transformed differences
sum of absolute DCT transformed differences
sum of squared quantization errors (avoid, low quality)
number of bits needed for the block
rate distortion optimal, slow
0
sum of absolute vertical differences
sum of squared vertical differences
noise preserving sum of squared differences
5/3 wavelet, only used in snow
9/7 wavelet, only used in snow
Set sub pel me compare function.

Possible values:

sum of absolute differences, fast (default)
sum of squared errors
sum of absolute Hadamard transformed differences
sum of absolute DCT transformed differences
sum of squared quantization errors (avoid, low quality)
number of bits needed for the block
rate distortion optimal, slow
0
sum of absolute vertical differences
sum of squared vertical differences
noise preserving sum of squared differences
5/3 wavelet, only used in snow
9/7 wavelet, only used in snow
Set macroblock compare function.

Possible values:

sum of absolute differences, fast (default)
sum of squared errors
sum of absolute Hadamard transformed differences
sum of absolute DCT transformed differences
sum of squared quantization errors (avoid, low quality)
number of bits needed for the block
rate distortion optimal, slow
0
sum of absolute vertical differences
sum of squared vertical differences
noise preserving sum of squared differences
5/3 wavelet, only used in snow
9/7 wavelet, only used in snow
Set interlaced dct compare function.

Possible values:

sum of absolute differences, fast (default)
sum of squared errors
sum of absolute Hadamard transformed differences
sum of absolute DCT transformed differences
sum of squared quantization errors (avoid, low quality)
number of bits needed for the block
rate distortion optimal, slow
0
sum of absolute vertical differences
sum of squared vertical differences
noise preserving sum of squared differences
5/3 wavelet, only used in snow
9/7 wavelet, only used in snow
Set diamond type & size for motion estimation.
(1024, INT_MAX)
full motion estimation(slowest)
(768, 1024]
umh motion estimation
(512, 768]
hex motion estimation
(256, 512]
l2s diamond motion estimation
[2,256]
var diamond motion estimation
(-1, 2)
small diamond motion estimation
-1
funny diamond motion estimation
(INT_MIN, -1)
sab diamond motion estimation
Set amount of motion predictors from the previous frame.
Set pre motion estimation.
Set pre motion estimation compare function.

Possible values:

sum of absolute differences, fast (default)
sum of squared errors
sum of absolute Hadamard transformed differences
sum of absolute DCT transformed differences
sum of squared quantization errors (avoid, low quality)
number of bits needed for the block
rate distortion optimal, slow
0
sum of absolute vertical differences
sum of squared vertical differences
noise preserving sum of squared differences
5/3 wavelet, only used in snow
9/7 wavelet, only used in snow
Set diamond type & size for motion estimation pre-pass.
Set sub pel motion estimation quality.
Set limit motion vectors range (1023 for DivX player).
Possible values:
variable length coder / huffman coder
arithmetic coder
raw (no encoding)
run-length coder
Set context model.
Set macroblock decision algorithm (high quality mode).

Possible values:

use mbcmp (default)
use fewest bits
use best rate distortion
Set scene change threshold.
Set noise reduction.
Set number of bits which should be loaded into the rc buffer before decoding starts.
Possible values:
Allow non spec compliant speedup tricks.
Skip bitstream encoding.
Ignore cropping information from sps.
Place global headers at every keyframe instead of in extradata.
Frame data might be split into multiple chunks.
Show all frames before the first keyframe.
Export motion vectors into frame side-data (see "AV_FRAME_DATA_MOTION_VECTORS") for codecs that support it. See also doc/examples/export_mvs.c.
Do not skip samples and export skip information as frame side data.
Do not reset ASS ReadOrder field on flush.
Possible values:
Export motion vectors into frame side-data (see "AV_FRAME_DATA_MOTION_VECTORS") for codecs that support it. See also doc/examples/export_mvs.c.
Export encoder Producer Reference Time into packet side-data (see "AV_PKT_DATA_PRFT") for codecs that support it.
Export video encoding parameters through frame side data (see "AV_FRAME_DATA_VIDEO_ENC_PARAMS") for codecs that support it. At present, those are H.264 and VP9.
Export film grain parameters through frame side data (see "AV_FRAME_DATA_FILM_GRAIN_PARAMS"). Supported at present by AV1 decoders.
Set the number of threads to be used, in case the selected codec implementation supports multi-threading.

Possible values:

automatically select the number of threads to set

Default value is auto.

Set intra_dc_precision.
Set nsse weight.
Set number of macroblock rows at the top which are skipped.
Set number of macroblock rows at the bottom which are skipped.
Set encoder codec profile. Default value is unknown. Encoder specific profiles are documented in the relevant encoder documentation.
Possible values:
Decode at 1= 1/2, 2=1/4, 3=1/8 resolutions.
Set frame skip threshold.
Set frame skip factor.
Set frame skip exponent. Negative values behave identical to the corresponding positive ones, except that the score is normalized. Positive values exist primarily for compatibility reasons and are not so useful.
Set frame skip compare function.

Possible values:

sum of absolute differences, fast (default)
sum of squared errors
sum of absolute Hadamard transformed differences
sum of absolute DCT transformed differences
sum of squared quantization errors (avoid, low quality)
number of bits needed for the block
rate distortion optimal, slow
0
sum of absolute vertical differences
sum of squared vertical differences
noise preserving sum of squared differences
5/3 wavelet, only used in snow
9/7 wavelet, only used in snow
Set min macroblock lagrange factor (VBR).
Set max macroblock lagrange factor (VBR).
Set motion estimation bitrate penalty compensation (1.0 = 256).
Make decoder discard processing depending on the frame type selected by the option value.

skip_loop_filter skips frame loop filtering, skip_idct skips frame IDCT/dequantization, skip_frame skips decoding.

Possible values:

Discard no frame.
Discard useless frames like 0-sized frames.
Discard all non-reference frames.
Discard all bidirectional frames.
Discard all frames excepts keyframes.
Discard all frames except I frames.
Discard all frames.

Default value is default.

Refine the two motion vectors used in bidirectional macroblocks.
Downscale frames for dynamic B-frame decision.
Set minimum interval between IDR-frames.
Set reference frames to consider for motion compensation.
Set chroma qp offset from luma.
Set rate-distortion optimal quantization.
Adjust sensitivity of b_frame_strategy 1.
Set GOP timecode frame start number, in non drop frame format.
Possible values:
Possible values:
Possible values:
BT.709
BT.470 M
BT.470 BG
SMPTE 170 M
SMPTE 240 M
Film
BT.2020
SMPTE ST 428-1
SMPTE 431-2
SMPTE 432-1
JEDEC P22
Possible values:
BT.709
BT.470 M
BT.470 BG
SMPTE 170 M
SMPTE 240 M
Linear
Log
Log square root
IEC 61966-2-4
BT.1361
IEC 61966-2-1
BT.2020 - 10 bit
BT.2020 - 12 bit
SMPTE ST 2084
SMPTE ST 428-1
ARIB STD-B67
Possible values:
RGB
BT.709
FCC
BT.470 BG
SMPTE 170 M
SMPTE 240 M
YCOCG
BT.2020 NCL
BT.2020 CL
SMPTE 2085
Chroma-derived NCL
Chroma-derived CL
ICtCp
If used as input parameter, it serves as a hint to the decoder, which color_range the input has. Possible values:
MPEG (219*2^(n-8))
JPEG (2^n-1)
Possible values:
Set the log level offset.
Number of slices, used in parallelized encoding.
Select which multithreading methods to use.

Use of frame will increase decoding delay by one frame per thread, so clients which cannot provide future frames should not use it.

Possible values:

Decode more than one part of a single frame at once.

Multithreading using slices works only when the video was encoded with slices.

Decode more than one frame at once.

Default value is slice+frame.

Set audio service type.

Possible values:

Main Audio Service
Effects
Visually Impaired
Hearing Impaired
Dialogue
Commentary
Emergency
Voice Over
Karaoke
Set sample format audio decoders should prefer. Default value is "none".
Set the input subtitles character encoding.
Set/override the field order of the video. Possible values:
Progressive video
Interlaced video, top field coded and displayed first
Interlaced video, bottom field coded and displayed first
Interlaced video, top coded first, bottom displayed first
Interlaced video, bottom coded first, top displayed first
Set to 1 to disable processing alpha (transparency). This works like the gray flag in the flags option which skips chroma information instead of alpha. Default is 0.
"," separated list of allowed decoders. By default all are allowed.
Separator used to separate the fields printed on the command line about the Stream parameters. For example, to separate the fields with newlines and indentation: 

        ffprobe -dump_separator "
                                  "  -i ~/videos/matrixbench_mpeg2.mpg
Maximum number of pixels per image. This value can be used to avoid out of memory failures due to large images.
Enable cropping if cropping parameters are multiples of the required alignment for the left and top parameters. If the alignment is not met the cropping will be partially applied to maintain alignment. Default is 1 (enabled). Note: The required alignment depends on if "AV_CODEC_FLAG_UNALIGNED" is set and the CPU. "AV_CODEC_FLAG_UNALIGNED" cannot be changed from the command line. Also hardware decoders will not apply left/top Cropping.

DECODERS

Decoders are configured elements in FFmpeg which allow the decoding of multimedia streams.

When you configure your FFmpeg build, all the supported native decoders are enabled by default. Decoders requiring an external library must be enabled manually via the corresponding "--enable-lib" option. You can list all available decoders using the configure option "--list-decoders".

You can disable all the decoders with the configure option "--disable-decoders" and selectively enable / disable single decoders with the options "--enable-decoder=DECODER" / "--disable-decoder=DECODER".

The option "-decoders" of the ff* tools will display the list of enabled decoders.

VIDEO DECODERS

A description of some of the currently available video decoders follows.

av1

AOMedia Video 1 (AV1) decoder.

Options

Select an operating point of a scalable AV1 bitstream (0 - 31). Default is 0.

rawvideo

Raw video decoder.

This decoder decodes rawvideo streams.

Options

Specify the assumed field type of the input video.
-1
the video is assumed to be progressive (default)
0
bottom-field-first is assumed
1
top-field-first is assumed

libdav1d

dav1d AV1 decoder.

libdav1d allows libavcodec to decode the AOMedia Video 1 (AV1) codec. Requires the presence of the libdav1d headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libdav1d".

Options

The following options are supported by the libdav1d wrapper.

Set amount of frame threads to use during decoding. The default value is 0 (autodetect).
Set amount of tile threads to use during decoding. The default value is 0 (autodetect).
Apply film grain to the decoded video if present in the bitstream. Defaults to the internal default of the library.
Select an operating point of a scalable AV1 bitstream (0 - 31). Defaults to the internal default of the library.
Output all spatial layers of a scalable AV1 bitstream. The default value is false.

libdavs2

AVS2-P2/IEEE1857.4 video decoder wrapper.

This decoder allows libavcodec to decode AVS2 streams with davs2 library.

libuavs3d

AVS3-P2/IEEE1857.10 video decoder.

libuavs3d allows libavcodec to decode AVS3 streams. Requires the presence of the libuavs3d headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libuavs3d".

Options

The following option is supported by the libuavs3d wrapper.

Set amount of frame threads to use during decoding. The default value is 0 (autodetect).

AUDIO DECODERS

A description of some of the currently available audio decoders follows.

ac3

AC-3 audio decoder.

This decoder implements part of ATSC A/52:2010 and ETSI TS 102 366, as well as the undocumented RealAudio 3 (a.k.a. dnet).

AC-3 Decoder Options

Dynamic Range Scale Factor. The factor to apply to dynamic range values from the AC-3 stream. This factor is applied exponentially. The default value is 1. There are 3 notable scale factor ranges:
DRC disabled. Produces full range audio.
0 < drc_scale <= 1
DRC enabled. Applies a fraction of the stream DRC value. Audio reproduction is between full range and full compression.
DRC enabled. Applies drc_scale asymmetrically. Loud sounds are fully compressed. Soft sounds are enhanced.

flac

FLAC audio decoder.

This decoder aims to implement the complete FLAC specification from Xiph.

FLAC Decoder options

The lavc FLAC encoder used to produce buggy streams with high lpc values (like the default value). This option makes it possible to decode such streams correctly by using lavc's old buggy lpc logic for decoding.

ffwavesynth

Internal wave synthesizer.

This decoder generates wave patterns according to predefined sequences. Its use is purely internal and the format of the data it accepts is not publicly documented.

libcelt

libcelt decoder wrapper.

libcelt allows libavcodec to decode the Xiph CELT ultra-low delay audio codec. Requires the presence of the libcelt headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libcelt".

libgsm

libgsm decoder wrapper.

libgsm allows libavcodec to decode the GSM full rate audio codec. Requires the presence of the libgsm headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libgsm".

This decoder supports both the ordinary GSM and the Microsoft variant.

libilbc

libilbc decoder wrapper.

libilbc allows libavcodec to decode the Internet Low Bitrate Codec (iLBC) audio codec. Requires the presence of the libilbc headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libilbc".

Options

The following option is supported by the libilbc wrapper.

Enable the enhancement of the decoded audio when set to 1. The default value is 0 (disabled).

libopencore-amrnb

libopencore-amrnb decoder wrapper.

libopencore-amrnb allows libavcodec to decode the Adaptive Multi-Rate Narrowband audio codec. Using it requires the presence of the libopencore-amrnb headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libopencore-amrnb".

An FFmpeg native decoder for AMR-NB exists, so users can decode AMR-NB without this library.

libopencore-amrwb

libopencore-amrwb decoder wrapper.

libopencore-amrwb allows libavcodec to decode the Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband audio codec. Using it requires the presence of the libopencore-amrwb headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libopencore-amrwb".

An FFmpeg native decoder for AMR-WB exists, so users can decode AMR-WB without this library.

libopus

libopus decoder wrapper.

libopus allows libavcodec to decode the Opus Interactive Audio Codec. Requires the presence of the libopus headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libopus".

An FFmpeg native decoder for Opus exists, so users can decode Opus without this library.

SUBTITLES DECODERS

libaribb24

ARIB STD-B24 caption decoder.

Implements profiles A and C of the ARIB STD-B24 standard.

libaribb24 Decoder Options

Sets the base path for the libaribb24 library. This is utilized for reading of configuration files (for custom unicode conversions), and for dumping of non-text symbols as images under that location.

Unset by default.

Tells the decoder wrapper to skip text blocks that contain half-height ruby text.

Enabled by default.

dvbsub

Options

-1
Compute clut if no matching CLUT is in the stream.
0
Never compute CLUT
1
Always compute CLUT and override the one provided in the stream.
Selects the dvb substream, or all substreams if -1 which is default.

dvdsub

This codec decodes the bitmap subtitles used in DVDs; the same subtitles can also be found in VobSub file pairs and in some Matroska files.

Options

Specify the global palette used by the bitmaps. When stored in VobSub, the palette is normally specified in the index file; in Matroska, the palette is stored in the codec extra-data in the same format as in VobSub. In DVDs, the palette is stored in the IFO file, and therefore not available when reading from dumped VOB files.

The format for this option is a string containing 16 24-bits hexadecimal numbers (without 0x prefix) separated by commas, for example "0d00ee, ee450d, 101010, eaeaea, 0ce60b, ec14ed, ebff0b, 0d617a, 7b7b7b, d1d1d1, 7b2a0e, 0d950c, 0f007b, cf0dec, cfa80c, 7c127b".

Specify the IFO file from which the global palette is obtained. (experimental)
Only decode subtitle entries marked as forced. Some titles have forced and non-forced subtitles in the same track. Setting this flag to 1 will only keep the forced subtitles. Default value is 0.

libzvbi-teletext

Libzvbi allows libavcodec to decode DVB teletext pages and DVB teletext subtitles. Requires the presence of the libzvbi headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libzvbi".

Options

List of teletext page numbers to decode. Pages that do not match the specified list are dropped. You may use the special "*" string to match all pages, or "subtitle" to match all subtitle pages. Default value is *.
Set default character set used for decoding, a value between 0 and 87 (see ETS 300 706, Section 15, Table 32). Default value is -1, which does not override the libzvbi default. This option is needed for some legacy level 1.0 transmissions which cannot signal the proper charset.
Discards the top teletext line. Default value is 1.
Specifies the format of the decoded subtitles.
The default format, you should use this for teletext pages, because certain graphics and colors cannot be expressed in simple text or even ASS.
Simple text based output without formatting.
Formatted ASS output, subtitle pages and teletext pages are returned in different styles, subtitle pages are stripped down to text, but an effort is made to keep the text alignment and the formatting.
X offset of generated bitmaps, default is 0.
Y offset of generated bitmaps, default is 0.
Chops leading and trailing spaces and removes empty lines from the generated text. This option is useful for teletext based subtitles where empty spaces may be present at the start or at the end of the lines or empty lines may be present between the subtitle lines because of double-sized teletext characters. Default value is 1.
Sets the display duration of the decoded teletext pages or subtitles in milliseconds. Default value is -1 which means infinity or until the next subtitle event comes.
Force transparent background of the generated teletext bitmaps. Default value is 0 which means an opaque background.
Sets the opacity (0-255) of the teletext background. If txt_transparent is not set, it only affects characters between a start box and an end box, typically subtitles. Default value is 0 if txt_transparent is set, 255 otherwise.

ENCODERS

Encoders are configured elements in FFmpeg which allow the encoding of multimedia streams.

When you configure your FFmpeg build, all the supported native encoders are enabled by default. Encoders requiring an external library must be enabled manually via the corresponding "--enable-lib" option. You can list all available encoders using the configure option "--list-encoders".

You can disable all the encoders with the configure option "--disable-encoders" and selectively enable / disable single encoders with the options "--enable-encoder=ENCODER" / "--disable-encoder=ENCODER".

The option "-encoders" of the ff* tools will display the list of enabled encoders.

AUDIO ENCODERS

A description of some of the currently available audio encoders follows.

aac

Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) encoder.

This encoder is the default AAC encoder, natively implemented into FFmpeg.

Options

Set bit rate in bits/s. Setting this automatically activates constant bit rate (CBR) mode. If this option is unspecified it is set to 128kbps.
Set quality for variable bit rate (VBR) mode. This option is valid only using the ffmpeg command-line tool. For library interface users, use global_quality.
Set cutoff frequency. If unspecified will allow the encoder to dynamically adjust the cutoff to improve clarity on low bitrates.
Set AAC encoder coding method. Possible values:
Two loop searching (TLS) method.

This method first sets quantizers depending on band thresholds and then tries to find an optimal combination by adding or subtracting a specific value from all quantizers and adjusting some individual quantizer a little. Will tune itself based on whether aac_is, aac_ms and aac_pns are enabled.

Average noise to mask ratio (ANMR) trellis-based solution.

This is an experimental coder which currently produces a lower quality, is more unstable and is slower than the default twoloop coder but has potential. Currently has no support for the aac_is or aac_pns options. Not currently recommended.

Constant quantizer method.

Uses a cheaper version of twoloop algorithm that doesn't try to do as many clever adjustments. Worse with low bitrates (less than 64kbps), but is better and much faster at higher bitrates. This is the default choice for a coder

Sets mid/side coding mode. The default value of "auto" will automatically use M/S with bands which will benefit from such coding. Can be forced for all bands using the value "enable", which is mainly useful for debugging or disabled using "disable".
Sets intensity stereo coding tool usage. By default, it's enabled and will automatically toggle IS for similar pairs of stereo bands if it's beneficial. Can be disabled for debugging by setting the value to "disable".
Uses perceptual noise substitution to replace low entropy high frequency bands with imperceptible white noise during the decoding process. By default, it's enabled, but can be disabled for debugging purposes by using "disable".
Enables the use of a multitap FIR filter which spans through the high frequency bands to hide quantization noise during the encoding process and is reverted by the decoder. As well as decreasing unpleasant artifacts in the high range this also reduces the entropy in the high bands and allows for more bits to be used by the mid-low bands. By default it's enabled but can be disabled for debugging by setting the option to "disable".
Enables the use of the long term prediction extension which increases coding efficiency in very low bandwidth situations such as encoding of voice or solo piano music by extending constant harmonic peaks in bands throughout frames. This option is implied by profile:a aac_low and is incompatible with aac_pred. Use in conjunction with -ar to decrease the samplerate.
Enables the use of a more traditional style of prediction where the spectral coefficients transmitted are replaced by the difference of the current coefficients minus the previous "predicted" coefficients. In theory and sometimes in practice this can improve quality for low to mid bitrate audio. This option implies the aac_main profile and is incompatible with aac_ltp.
Sets the encoding profile, possible values:
The default, AAC "Low-complexity" profile. Is the most compatible and produces decent quality.
Equivalent to "-profile:a aac_low -aac_pns 0". PNS was introduced with the MPEG4 specifications.
Long term prediction profile, is enabled by and will enable the aac_ltp option. Introduced in MPEG4.
Main-type prediction profile, is enabled by and will enable the aac_pred option. Introduced in MPEG2.

If this option is unspecified it is set to aac_low.

ac3 and ac3_fixed

AC-3 audio encoders.

These encoders implement part of ATSC A/52:2010 and ETSI TS 102 366, as well as the undocumented RealAudio 3 (a.k.a. dnet).

The ac3 encoder uses floating-point math, while the ac3_fixed encoder only uses fixed-point integer math. This does not mean that one is always faster, just that one or the other may be better suited to a particular system. The ac3_fixed encoder is not the default codec for any of the output formats, so it must be specified explicitly using the option "-acodec ac3_fixed" in order to use it.

AC-3 Metadata

The AC-3 metadata options are used to set parameters that describe the audio, but in most cases do not affect the audio encoding itself. Some of the options do directly affect or influence the decoding and playback of the resulting bitstream, while others are just for informational purposes. A few of the options will add bits to the output stream that could otherwise be used for audio data, and will thus affect the quality of the output. Those will be indicated accordingly with a note in the option list below.

These parameters are described in detail in several publicly-available documents.

*<<http://www.atsc.org/cms/standards/a_52-2010.pdf>>
*<<http://www.atsc.org/cms/standards/a_54a_with_corr_1.pdf>>
*<<http://www.dolby.com/uploadedFiles/zz-_Shared_Assets/English_PDFs/Professional/18_Metadata.Guide.pdf>>
*<<http://www.dolby.com/uploadedFiles/zz-_Shared_Assets/English_PDFs/Professional/46_DDEncodingGuidelines.pdf>>

Metadata Control Options

Allow Per-Frame Metadata. Specifies if the encoder should check for changing metadata for each frame.
0
The metadata values set at initialization will be used for every frame in the stream. (default)
1
Metadata values can be changed before encoding each frame.

Downmix Levels

Center Mix Level. The amount of gain the decoder should apply to the center channel when downmixing to stereo. This field will only be written to the bitstream if a center channel is present. The value is specified as a scale factor. There are 3 valid values:
0.707
Apply -3dB gain
0.595
Apply -4.5dB gain (default)
0.500
Apply -6dB gain
Surround Mix Level. The amount of gain the decoder should apply to the surround channel(s) when downmixing to stereo. This field will only be written to the bitstream if one or more surround channels are present. The value is specified as a scale factor. There are 3 valid values:
0.707
Apply -3dB gain
0.500
Apply -6dB gain (default)
0.000
Silence Surround Channel(s)

Audio Production Information

Audio Production Information is optional information describing the mixing environment. Either none or both of the fields are written to the bitstream.

Mixing Level. Specifies peak sound pressure level (SPL) in the production environment when the mix was mastered. Valid values are 80 to 111, or -1 for unknown or not indicated. The default value is -1, but that value cannot be used if the Audio Production Information is written to the bitstream. Therefore, if the "room_type" option is not the default value, the "mixing_level" option must not be -1.
Room Type. Describes the equalization used during the final mixing session at the studio or on the dubbing stage. A large room is a dubbing stage with the industry standard X-curve equalization; a small room has flat equalization. This field will not be written to the bitstream if both the "mixing_level" option and the "room_type" option have the default values.
0
Not Indicated (default)
1
Large Room
2
Small Room

Other Metadata Options

Copyright Indicator. Specifies whether a copyright exists for this audio.
0
No Copyright Exists (default)
1
Copyright Exists
Dialogue Normalization. Indicates how far the average dialogue level of the program is below digital 100% full scale (0 dBFS). This parameter determines a level shift during audio reproduction that sets the average volume of the dialogue to a preset level. The goal is to match volume level between program sources. A value of -31dB will result in no volume level change, relative to the source volume, during audio reproduction. Valid values are whole numbers in the range -31 to -1, with -31 being the default.
Dolby Surround Mode. Specifies whether the stereo signal uses Dolby Surround (Pro Logic). This field will only be written to the bitstream if the audio stream is stereo. Using this option does NOT mean the encoder will actually apply Dolby Surround processing.
0
Not Indicated (default)
1
Not Dolby Surround Encoded
2
Dolby Surround Encoded
Original Bit Stream Indicator. Specifies whether this audio is from the original source and not a copy.
0
Not Original Source
1
Original Source (default)

Extended Bitstream Information

The extended bitstream options are part of the Alternate Bit Stream Syntax as specified in Annex D of the A/52:2010 standard. It is grouped into 2 parts. If any one parameter in a group is specified, all values in that group will be written to the bitstream. Default values are used for those that are written but have not been specified. If the mixing levels are written, the decoder will use these values instead of the ones specified in the "center_mixlev" and "surround_mixlev" options if it supports the Alternate Bit Stream Syntax.

Extended Bitstream Information - Part 1

Preferred Stereo Downmix Mode. Allows the user to select either Lt/Rt (Dolby Surround) or Lo/Ro (normal stereo) as the preferred stereo downmix mode.
0
Not Indicated (default)
1
Lt/Rt Downmix Preferred
2
Lo/Ro Downmix Preferred
Lt/Rt Center Mix Level. The amount of gain the decoder should apply to the center channel when downmixing to stereo in Lt/Rt mode.
1.414
Apply +3dB gain
1.189
Apply +1.5dB gain
1.000
Apply 0dB gain
0.841
Apply -1.5dB gain
0.707
Apply -3.0dB gain
0.595
Apply -4.5dB gain (default)
0.500
Apply -6.0dB gain
0.000
Silence Center Channel
Lt/Rt Surround Mix Level. The amount of gain the decoder should apply to the surround channel(s) when downmixing to stereo in Lt/Rt mode.
0.841
Apply -1.5dB gain
0.707
Apply -3.0dB gain
0.595
Apply -4.5dB gain
0.500
Apply -6.0dB gain (default)
0.000
Silence Surround Channel(s)
Lo/Ro Center Mix Level. The amount of gain the decoder should apply to the center channel when downmixing to stereo in Lo/Ro mode.
1.414
Apply +3dB gain
1.189
Apply +1.5dB gain
1.000
Apply 0dB gain
0.841
Apply -1.5dB gain
0.707
Apply -3.0dB gain
0.595
Apply -4.5dB gain (default)
0.500
Apply -6.0dB gain
0.000
Silence Center Channel
Lo/Ro Surround Mix Level. The amount of gain the decoder should apply to the surround channel(s) when downmixing to stereo in Lo/Ro mode.
0.841
Apply -1.5dB gain
0.707
Apply -3.0dB gain
0.595
Apply -4.5dB gain
0.500
Apply -6.0dB gain (default)
0.000
Silence Surround Channel(s)

Extended Bitstream Information - Part 2

Dolby Surround EX Mode. Indicates whether the stream uses Dolby Surround EX (7.1 matrixed to 5.1). Using this option does NOT mean the encoder will actually apply Dolby Surround EX processing.
0
Not Indicated (default)
1
Dolby Surround EX Off
2
Dolby Surround EX On
Dolby Headphone Mode. Indicates whether the stream uses Dolby Headphone encoding (multi-channel matrixed to 2.0 for use with headphones). Using this option does NOT mean the encoder will actually apply Dolby Headphone processing.
0
Not Indicated (default)
1
Dolby Headphone Off
2
Dolby Headphone On
A/D Converter Type. Indicates whether the audio has passed through HDCD A/D conversion.
0
Standard A/D Converter (default)
1
HDCD A/D Converter

Other AC-3 Encoding Options

Stereo Rematrixing. Enables/Disables use of rematrixing for stereo input. This is an optional AC-3 feature that increases quality by selectively encoding the left/right channels as mid/side. This option is enabled by default, and it is highly recommended that it be left as enabled except for testing purposes.
Set lowpass cutoff frequency. If unspecified, the encoder selects a default determined by various other encoding parameters.

Floating-Point-Only AC-3 Encoding Options

These options are only valid for the floating-point encoder and do not exist for the fixed-point encoder due to the corresponding features not being implemented in fixed-point.

Enables/Disables use of channel coupling, which is an optional AC-3 feature that increases quality by combining high frequency information from multiple channels into a single channel. The per-channel high frequency information is sent with less accuracy in both the frequency and time domains. This allows more bits to be used for lower frequencies while preserving enough information to reconstruct the high frequencies. This option is enabled by default for the floating-point encoder and should generally be left as enabled except for testing purposes or to increase encoding speed.
-1
Selected by Encoder (default)
0
Disable Channel Coupling
1
Enable Channel Coupling
Coupling Start Band. Sets the channel coupling start band, from 1 to 15. If a value higher than the bandwidth is used, it will be reduced to 1 less than the coupling end band. If auto is used, the start band will be determined by the encoder based on the bit rate, sample rate, and channel layout. This option has no effect if channel coupling is disabled.
-1
Selected by Encoder (default)

flac

FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec) Encoder

Options

The following options are supported by FFmpeg's flac encoder.

Sets the compression level, which chooses defaults for many other options if they are not set explicitly. Valid values are from 0 to 12, 5 is the default.
Sets the size of the frames in samples per channel.
Sets the LPC coefficient precision, valid values are from 1 to 15, 15 is the default.
Sets the first stage LPC algorithm
LPC is not used
fixed LPC coefficients
Number of passes to use for Cholesky factorization during LPC analysis
The minimum partition order
The maximum partition order
2level
4level
8level
Bruteforce search
Channel mode
The mode is chosen automatically for each frame
Channels are independently coded
Chooses if rice parameters are calculated exactly or approximately. if set to 1 then they are chosen exactly, which slows the code down slightly and improves compression slightly.
Multi Dimensional Quantization. If set to 1 then a 2nd stage LPC algorithm is applied after the first stage to finetune the coefficients. This is quite slow and slightly improves compression.

opus

Opus encoder.

This is a native FFmpeg encoder for the Opus format. Currently its in development and only implements the CELT part of the codec. Its quality is usually worse and at best is equal to the libopus encoder.

Options

Set bit rate in bits/s. If unspecified it uses the number of channels and the layout to make a good guess.
Sets the maximum delay in milliseconds. Lower delays than 20ms will very quickly decrease quality.

libfdk_aac

libfdk-aac AAC (Advanced Audio Coding) encoder wrapper.

The libfdk-aac library is based on the Fraunhofer FDK AAC code from the Android project.

Requires the presence of the libfdk-aac headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libfdk-aac". The library is also incompatible with GPL, so if you allow the use of GPL, you should configure with "--enable-gpl --enable-nonfree --enable-libfdk-aac".

This encoder has support for the AAC-HE profiles.

VBR encoding, enabled through the vbr or flags +qscale options, is experimental and only works with some combinations of parameters.

Support for encoding 7.1 audio is only available with libfdk-aac 0.1.3 or higher.

For more information see the fdk-aac project at <http://sourceforge.net/p/opencore-amr/fdk-aac/>.

Options

The following options are mapped on the shared FFmpeg codec options.

Set bit rate in bits/s. If the bitrate is not explicitly specified, it is automatically set to a suitable value depending on the selected profile.

In case VBR mode is enabled the option is ignored.

Set audio sampling rate (in Hz).
Set the number of audio channels.
Enable fixed quality, VBR (Variable Bit Rate) mode. Note that VBR is implicitly enabled when the vbr value is positive.
Set cutoff frequency. If not specified (or explicitly set to 0) it will use a value automatically computed by the library. Default value is 0.
Set audio profile.

The following profiles are recognized:

Low Complexity AAC (LC)
High Efficiency AAC (HE-AAC)
High Efficiency AAC version 2 (HE-AACv2)
Low Delay AAC (LD)
Enhanced Low Delay AAC (ELD)

If not specified it is set to aac_low.

The following are private options of the libfdk_aac encoder.

Enable afterburner feature if set to 1, disabled if set to 0. This improves the quality but also the required processing power.

Default value is 1.

Enable SBR (Spectral Band Replication) for ELD if set to 1, disabled if set to 0.

Default value is 0.

Enable ELDv2 (LD-MPS extension for ELD stereo signals) for ELDv2 if set to 1, disabled if set to 0.

Note that option is available when fdk-aac version (AACENCODER_LIB_VL0.AACENCODER_LIB_VL1.AACENCODER_LIB_VL2) > (4.0.0).

Default value is 0.

Set SBR/PS signaling style.

It can assume one of the following values:

choose signaling implicitly (explicit hierarchical by default, implicit if global header is disabled)
implicit backwards compatible signaling
explicit SBR, implicit PS signaling
explicit hierarchical signaling

Default value is default.

Output LATM/LOAS encapsulated data if set to 1, disabled if set to 0.

Default value is 0.

Set StreamMuxConfig and PCE repetition period (in frames) for sending in-band configuration buffers within LATM/LOAS transport layer.

Must be a 16-bits non-negative integer.

Default value is 0.

Set VBR mode, from 1 to 5. 1 is lowest quality (though still pretty good) and 5 is highest quality. A value of 0 will disable VBR, and CBR (Constant Bit Rate) is enabled.

Currently only the aac_low profile supports VBR encoding.

VBR modes 1-5 correspond to roughly the following average bit rates:

1
32 kbps/channel
2
40 kbps/channel
3
48-56 kbps/channel
4
64 kbps/channel
5
about 80-96 kbps/channel

Default value is 0.

Examples

  • Use ffmpeg to convert an audio file to VBR AAC in an M4A (MP4) container: 

            ffmpeg -i input.wav -codec:a libfdk_aac -vbr 3 output.m4a
  • Use ffmpeg to convert an audio file to CBR 64k kbps AAC, using the High-Efficiency AAC profile: 

            ffmpeg -i input.wav -c:a libfdk_aac -profile:a aac_he -b:a 64k output.m4a

libmp3lame

LAME (Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder) MP3 encoder wrapper.

Requires the presence of the libmp3lame headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libmp3lame".

See libshine for a fixed-point MP3 encoder, although with a lower quality.

Options

The following options are supported by the libmp3lame wrapper. The lame-equivalent of the options are listed in parentheses.

Set bitrate expressed in bits/s for CBR or ABR. LAME "bitrate" is expressed in kilobits/s.
Set constant quality setting for VBR. This option is valid only using the ffmpeg command-line tool. For library interface users, use global_quality.
Set algorithm quality. Valid arguments are integers in the 0-9 range, with 0 meaning highest quality but slowest, and 9 meaning fastest while producing the worst quality.
Set lowpass cutoff frequency. If unspecified, the encoder dynamically adjusts the cutoff.
Enable use of bit reservoir when set to 1. Default value is 1. LAME has this enabled by default, but can be overridden by use --nores option.
Enable the encoder to use (on a frame by frame basis) either L/R stereo or mid/side stereo. Default value is 1.
Enable the encoder to use ABR when set to 1. The lame --abr sets the target bitrate, while this options only tells FFmpeg to use ABR still relies on b to set bitrate.

libopencore-amrnb

OpenCORE Adaptive Multi-Rate Narrowband encoder.

Requires the presence of the libopencore-amrnb headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-version3".

This is a mono-only encoder. Officially it only supports 8000Hz sample rate, but you can override it by setting strict to unofficial or lower.

Options

Set bitrate in bits per second. Only the following bitrates are supported, otherwise libavcodec will round to the nearest valid bitrate.
4750
5150
5900
6700
7400
7950
10200
12200
Allow discontinuous transmission (generate comfort noise) when set to 1. The default value is 0 (disabled).

libopus

libopus Opus Interactive Audio Codec encoder wrapper.

Requires the presence of the libopus headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libopus".

Option Mapping

Most libopus options are modelled after the opusenc utility from opus-tools. The following is an option mapping chart describing options supported by the libopus wrapper, and their opusenc-equivalent in parentheses.

Set the bit rate in bits/s. FFmpeg's b option is expressed in bits/s, while opusenc's bitrate in kilobits/s.
Set VBR mode. The FFmpeg vbr option has the following valid arguments, with the opusenc equivalent options in parentheses:
Use constant bit rate encoding.
Use variable bit rate encoding (the default).
Use constrained variable bit rate encoding.
Set encoding algorithm complexity. Valid options are integers in the 0-10 range. 0 gives the fastest encodes but lower quality, while 10 gives the highest quality but slowest encoding. The default is 10.
Set maximum frame size, or duration of a frame in milliseconds. The argument must be exactly the following: 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, 60. Smaller frame sizes achieve lower latency but less quality at a given bitrate. Sizes greater than 20ms are only interesting at fairly low bitrates. The default is 20ms.
Set expected packet loss percentage. The default is 0.
Enable inband forward error correction. packet_loss must be non-zero to take advantage - frequency of FEC 'side-data' is proportional to expected packet loss. Default is disabled.
Set intended application type. Valid options are listed below:
Favor improved speech intelligibility.
Favor faithfulness to the input (the default).
Restrict to only the lowest delay modes.
Set cutoff bandwidth in Hz. The argument must be exactly one of the following: 4000, 6000, 8000, 12000, or 20000, corresponding to narrowband, mediumband, wideband, super wideband, and fullband respectively. The default is 0 (cutoff disabled).
Set channel mapping family to be used by the encoder. The default value of -1 uses mapping family 0 for mono and stereo inputs, and mapping family 1 otherwise. The default also disables the surround masking and LFE bandwidth optimzations in libopus, and requires that the input contains 8 channels or fewer.

Other values include 0 for mono and stereo, 1 for surround sound with masking and LFE bandwidth optimizations, and 255 for independent streams with an unspecified channel layout.

If set to 0, disables the use of phase inversion for intensity stereo, improving the quality of mono downmixes, but slightly reducing normal stereo quality. The default is 1 (phase inversion enabled).

libshine

Shine Fixed-Point MP3 encoder wrapper.

Shine is a fixed-point MP3 encoder. It has a far better performance on platforms without an FPU, e.g. armel CPUs, and some phones and tablets. However, as it is more targeted on performance than quality, it is not on par with LAME and other production-grade encoders quality-wise. Also, according to the project's homepage, this encoder may not be free of bugs as the code was written a long time ago and the project was dead for at least 5 years.

This encoder only supports stereo and mono input. This is also CBR-only.

The original project (last updated in early 2007) is at <http://sourceforge.net/projects/libshine-fxp/>. We only support the updated fork by the Savonet/Liquidsoap project at <https://github.com/savonet/shine>.

Requires the presence of the libshine headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libshine".

See also libmp3lame.

Options

The following options are supported by the libshine wrapper. The shineenc-equivalent of the options are listed in parentheses.

Set bitrate expressed in bits/s for CBR. shineenc -b option is expressed in kilobits/s.

libtwolame

TwoLAME MP2 encoder wrapper.

Requires the presence of the libtwolame headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libtwolame".

Options

The following options are supported by the libtwolame wrapper. The twolame-equivalent options follow the FFmpeg ones and are in parentheses.

Set bitrate expressed in bits/s for CBR. twolame b option is expressed in kilobits/s. Default value is 128k.
Set quality for experimental VBR support. Maximum value range is from -50 to 50, useful range is from -10 to 10. The higher the value, the better the quality. This option is valid only using the ffmpeg command-line tool. For library interface users, use global_quality.
Set the mode of the resulting audio. Possible values:
Choose mode automatically based on the input. This is the default.
Stereo
Joint stereo
Dual channel
Mono
Set psychoacoustic model to use in encoding. The argument must be an integer between -1 and 4, inclusive. The higher the value, the better the quality. The default value is 3.
Enable energy levels extensions when set to 1. The default value is 0 (disabled).
Enable CRC error protection when set to 1. The default value is 0 (disabled).
Set MPEG audio copyright flag when set to 1. The default value is 0 (disabled).
Set MPEG audio original flag when set to 1. The default value is 0 (disabled).

libvo-amrwbenc

VisualOn Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband encoder.

Requires the presence of the libvo-amrwbenc headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-version3".

This is a mono-only encoder. Officially it only supports 16000Hz sample rate, but you can override it by setting strict to unofficial or lower.

Options

Set bitrate in bits/s. Only the following bitrates are supported, otherwise libavcodec will round to the nearest valid bitrate.
6600
8850
12650
14250
15850
18250
19850
23050
23850
Allow discontinuous transmission (generate comfort noise) when set to 1. The default value is 0 (disabled).

libvorbis

libvorbis encoder wrapper.

Requires the presence of the libvorbisenc headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libvorbis".

Options

The following options are supported by the libvorbis wrapper. The oggenc-equivalent of the options are listed in parentheses.

To get a more accurate and extensive documentation of the libvorbis options, consult the libvorbisenc's and oggenc's documentations. See <http://xiph.org/vorbis/>, <http://wiki.xiph.org/Vorbis-tools>, and oggenc(1).

Set bitrate expressed in bits/s for ABR. oggenc -b is expressed in kilobits/s.
Set constant quality setting for VBR. The value should be a float number in the range of -1.0 to 10.0. The higher the value, the better the quality. The default value is 3.0.

This option is valid only using the ffmpeg command-line tool. For library interface users, use global_quality.

Set cutoff bandwidth in Hz, a value of 0 disables cutoff. oggenc's related option is expressed in kHz. The default value is 0 (cutoff disabled).
Set minimum bitrate expressed in bits/s. oggenc -m is expressed in kilobits/s.
Set maximum bitrate expressed in bits/s. oggenc -M is expressed in kilobits/s. This only has effect on ABR mode.
Set noise floor bias for impulse blocks. The value is a float number from -15.0 to 0.0. A negative bias instructs the encoder to pay special attention to the crispness of transients in the encoded audio. The tradeoff for better transient response is a higher bitrate.

mjpeg

Motion JPEG encoder.

Options

Set the huffman encoding strategy. Possible values:
Use the default huffman tables. This is the default strategy.
Compute and use optimal huffman tables.

wavpack

WavPack lossless audio encoder.

Options

The equivalent options for wavpack command line utility are listed in parentheses.

Shared options

The following shared options are effective for this encoder. Only special notes about this particular encoder will be documented here. For the general meaning of the options, see the Codec Options chapter.

For this encoder, the range for this option is between 128 and 131072. Default is automatically decided based on sample rate and number of channel.

For the complete formula of calculating default, see libavcodec/wavpackenc.c.

Private options

Set whether to enable joint stereo. Valid values are:
Force mid/side audio encoding.
Force left/right audio encoding.
Let the encoder decide automatically.
Set whether to enable optimization for mono. This option is only effective for non-mono streams. Available values:
enabled
disabled

VIDEO ENCODERS

A description of some of the currently available video encoders follows.

GIF

GIF image/animation encoder.

Options

Sets the flags used for GIF encoding.
Enables picture offsetting.

Default is enabled.

Enables transparency detection between frames.

Default is enabled.

Enables encoding one full GIF image per frame, rather than an animated GIF.

Default value is 0.

Writes a palette to the global GIF header where feasible.

If disabled, every frame will always have a palette written, even if there is a global palette supplied.

Default value is 1.

Hap

Vidvox Hap video encoder.

Options

Specifies the Hap format to encode.

Default value is hap.

Specifies the number of chunks to split frames into, between 1 and 64. This permits multithreaded decoding of large frames, potentially at the cost of data-rate. The encoder may modify this value to divide frames evenly.

Default value is 1.

Specifies the second-stage compressor to use. If set to none, chunks will be limited to 1, as chunked uncompressed frames offer no benefit.

Default value is snappy.

jpeg2000

The native jpeg 2000 encoder is lossy by default, the "-q:v" option can be used to set the encoding quality. Lossless encoding can be selected with "-pred 1".

Options

Can be set to either "j2k" or "jp2" (the default) that makes it possible to store non-rgb pix_fmts.
Sets tile width. Range is 1 to 1073741824. Default is 256.
Sets tile height. Range is 1 to 1073741824. Default is 256.
Allows setting the discrete wavelet transform (DWT) type

Default is "dwt97int"

Enable this to add SOP marker at the start of each packet. Disabled by default.
Enable this to add EPH marker at the end of each packet header. Disabled by default.
Sets the progression order to be used by the encoder. Possible values are:

Set to "lrcp" by default.

By default, when this option is not used, compression is done using the quality metric. This option allows for compression using compression ratio. The compression ratio for each level could be specified. The compression ratio of a layer "l" species the what ratio of total file size is contained in the first "l" layers.

Example usage:

        ffmpeg -i input.bmp -c:v jpeg2000 -layer_rates "100,10,1" output.j2k

This would compress the image to contain 3 layers, where the data contained in the first layer would be compressed by 1000 times, compressed by 100 in the first two layers, and shall contain all data while using all 3 layers.

librav1e

rav1e AV1 encoder wrapper.

Requires the presence of the rav1e headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-librav1e".

Options

Sets the maximum quantizer to use when using bitrate mode.
Sets the minimum quantizer to use when using bitrate mode.
Uses quantizer mode to encode at the given quantizer (0-255).
Selects the speed preset (0-10) to encode with.
Selects how many tiles to encode with.
Selects how many rows of tiles to encode with.
Selects how many columns of tiles to encode with.
Set rav1e options using a list of key=value pairs separated by ":". See rav1e --help for a list of options.

For example to specify librav1e encoding options with -rav1e-params:

        ffmpeg -i input -c:v librav1e -b:v 500K -rav1e-params speed=5:low_latency=true output.mp4

libaom-av1

libaom AV1 encoder wrapper.

Requires the presence of the libaom headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libaom".

Options

The wrapper supports the following standard libavcodec options:

Set bitrate target in bits/second. By default this will use variable-bitrate mode. If maxrate and minrate are also set to the same value then it will use constant-bitrate mode, otherwise if crf is set as well then it will use constrained-quality mode.
Set key frame placement. The GOP size sets the maximum distance between key frames; if zero the output stream will be intra-only. The minimum distance is ignored unless it is the same as the GOP size, in which case key frames will always appear at a fixed interval. Not set by default, so without this option the library has completely free choice about where to place key frames.
Set minimum/maximum quantisation values. Valid range is from 0 to 63 (warning: this does not match the quantiser values actually used by AV1 - divide by four to map real quantiser values to this range). Defaults to min/max (no constraint).
Set rate control buffering parameters. Not used if not set - defaults to unconstrained variable bitrate.
Set the number of threads to use while encoding. This may require the tiles or row-mt options to also be set to actually use the specified number of threads fully. Defaults to the number of hardware threads supported by the host machine.
Set the encoding profile. Defaults to using the profile which matches the bit depth and chroma subsampling of the input.

The wrapper also has some specific options:

Set the quality/encoding speed tradeoff. Valid range is from 0 to 8, higher numbers indicating greater speed and lower quality. The default value is 1, which will be slow and high quality.
Enable use of alternate reference frames. Defaults to the internal default of the library.
Set altref noise reduction max frame count. Default is -1.
Set altref noise reduction filter strength. Range is -1 to 6. Default is -1.
Set adaptive quantization mode. Possible values:
Disabled.
Variance-based.
Complexity-based.
Cyclic refresh.
Set the distortion metric the encoder is tuned with. Default is "psnr".
Set the maximum number of frames which the encoder may keep in flight at any one time for lookahead purposes. Defaults to the internal default of the library.
Enable error resilience features:
Improve resilience against losses of whole frames.

Not enabled by default.

Set the quality/size tradeoff for constant-quality (no bitrate target) and constrained-quality (with maximum bitrate target) modes. Valid range is 0 to 63, higher numbers indicating lower quality and smaller output size. Only used if set; by default only the bitrate target is used.
Set a change threshold on blocks below which they will be skipped by the encoder. Defined in arbitrary units as a nonnegative integer, defaulting to zero (no blocks are skipped).
Set a threshold for dropping frames when close to rate control bounds. Defined as a percentage of the target buffer - when the rate control buffer falls below this percentage, frames will be dropped until it has refilled above the threshold. Defaults to zero (no frames are dropped).
Amount of noise to be removed for grain synthesis. Grain synthesis is disabled if this option is not set or set to 0.
Block size used for denoising for grain synthesis. If not set, AV1 codec uses the default value of 32.
Set datarate undershoot (min) percentage of the target bitrate. Range is -1 to 100. Default is -1.
Set datarate overshoot (max) percentage of the target bitrate. Range is -1 to 1000. Default is -1.
Minimum percentage variation of the GOP bitrate from the target bitrate. If minsection-pct is not set, the libaomenc wrapper computes it as follows: "(minrate * 100 / bitrate)". Range is -1 to 100. Default is -1 (unset).
Maximum percentage variation of the GOP bitrate from the target bitrate. If maxsection-pct is not set, the libaomenc wrapper computes it as follows: "(maxrate * 100 / bitrate)". Range is -1 to 5000. Default is -1 (unset).
Enable frame parallel decodability features. Default is true.
Set the number of tiles to encode the input video with, as columns x rows. Larger numbers allow greater parallelism in both encoding and decoding, but may decrease coding efficiency. Defaults to the minimum number of tiles required by the size of the input video (this is 1x1 (that is, a single tile) for sizes up to and including 4K).
Set the number of tiles as log2 of the number of tile rows and columns. Provided for compatibility with libvpx/VP9.
Enable row based multi-threading. Disabled by default.
Enable Constrained Directional Enhancement Filter. The libaom-av1 encoder enables CDEF by default.
Enable Loop Restoration Filter. Default is true for libaom-av1.
Enable the use of global motion for block prediction. Default is true.
Enable block copy mode for intra block prediction. This mode is useful for screen content. Default is true.
Enable rectangular partitions. Default is true.
Enable 1:4/4:1 partitions. Default is true.
Enable AB shape partitions. Default is true.
Enable angle delta intra prediction. Default is true.
Enable chroma predicted from luma intra prediction. Default is true.
Enable filter intra predictor. Default is true.
Enable intra edge filter. Default is true.
Enable smooth intra prediction mode. Default is true.
Enable paeth predictor in intra prediction. Default is true.
Enable palette prediction mode. Default is true.
Enable extended transform type, including FLIPADST_DCT, DCT_FLIPADST, FLIPADST_FLIPADST, ADST_FLIPADST, FLIPADST_ADST, IDTX, V_DCT, H_DCT, V_ADST, H_ADST, V_FLIPADST, H_FLIPADST. Default is true.
Enable 64-pt transform. Default is true.
Use reduced set of transform types. Default is false.
Use DCT only for INTRA modes. Default is false.
Use DCT only for INTER modes. Default is false.
Use Default-transform only for INTRA modes. Default is false.
Enable temporal mv prediction. Default is true.
Use reduced set of single and compound references. Default is false.
Enable obmc. Default is true.
Enable dual filter. Default is true.
Enable difference-weighted compound. Default is true.
Enable distance-weighted compound. Default is true.
Enable one sided compound. Default is true.
Enable interinter wedge compound. Default is true.
Enable interintra wedge compound. Default is true.
Enable masked compound. Default is true.
Enable interintra compound. Default is true.
Enable smooth interintra mode. Default is true.
Set libaom options using a list of key=value pairs separated by ":". For a list of supported options, see aomenc --help under the section "AV1 Specific Options".

For example to specify libaom encoding options with -aom-params:

        ffmpeg -i input -c:v libaom-av1 -b:v 500K -aom-params tune=psnr:enable-tpl-model=1 output.mp4

libsvtav1

SVT-AV1 encoder wrapper.

Requires the presence of the SVT-AV1 headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libsvtav1".

Options

Set the encoding profile.
Set the operating point level.
Set the operating point tier.
Set the rate control mode to use.

Possible modes:

Constant quantizer: use fixed values of qindex (dependent on the frame type) throughout the stream. This mode is the default.
Variable bitrate: use a target bitrate for the whole stream.
Constrained variable bitrate: use a target bitrate for each GOP.
Set the maximum quantizer to use when using a bitrate mode.
Set the minimum quantizer to use when using a bitrate mode.
Set the quantizer used in cqp rate control mode (0-63).
Enable scene change detection.
Set number of frames to look ahead (0-120).
Set the quality-speed tradeoff, in the range 0 to 8. Higher values are faster but lower quality. Defaults to 8 (highest speed).
Set log2 of the number of rows of tiles to use (0-6).
Set log2 of the number of columns of tiles to use (0-4).

libkvazaar

Kvazaar H.265/HEVC encoder.

Requires the presence of the libkvazaar headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libkvazaar.

Options

Set target video bitrate in bit/s and enable rate control.
Set kvazaar parameters as a list of name=value pairs separated by commas (,). See kvazaar documentation for a list of options.

libopenh264

Cisco libopenh264 H.264/MPEG-4 AVC encoder wrapper.

This encoder requires the presence of the libopenh264 headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libopenh264". The library is detected using pkg-config.

For more information about the library see <http://www.openh264.org>.

Options

The following FFmpeg global options affect the configurations of the libopenh264 encoder.

Set the bitrate (as a number of bits per second).
Set the GOP size.
Set the max bitrate (as a number of bits per second).
Set global header in the bitstream.
Set the number of slices, used in parallelized encoding. Default value is 0. This is only used when slice_mode is set to fixed.
Set slice mode. Can assume one of the following possible values:
a fixed number of slices
one slice per row of macroblocks
automatic number of slices according to number of threads
dynamic slicing

Default value is auto.

Enable loop filter, if set to 1 (automatically enabled). To disable set a value of 0.
Set profile restrictions. If set to the value of main enable CABAC (set the "SEncParamExt.iEntropyCodingModeFlag" flag to 1).
Set maximum NAL size in bytes.
Allow skipping frames to hit the target bitrate if set to 1.

libtheora

libtheora Theora encoder wrapper.

Requires the presence of the libtheora headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libtheora".

For more information about the libtheora project see <http://www.theora.org/>.

Options

The following global options are mapped to internal libtheora options which affect the quality and the bitrate of the encoded stream.

Set the video bitrate in bit/s for CBR (Constant Bit Rate) mode. In case VBR (Variable Bit Rate) mode is enabled this option is ignored.
Used to enable constant quality mode (VBR) encoding through the qscale flag, and to enable the "pass1" and "pass2" modes.
Set the GOP size.
Set the global quality as an integer in lambda units.

Only relevant when VBR mode is enabled with "flags +qscale". The value is converted to QP units by dividing it by "FF_QP2LAMBDA", clipped in the [0 - 10] range, and then multiplied by 6.3 to get a value in the native libtheora range [0-63]. A higher value corresponds to a higher quality.

Enable VBR mode when set to a non-negative value, and set constant quality value as a double floating point value in QP units.

The value is clipped in the [0-10] range, and then multiplied by 6.3 to get a value in the native libtheora range [0-63].

This option is valid only using the ffmpeg command-line tool. For library interface users, use global_quality.

Examples

  • Set maximum constant quality (VBR) encoding with ffmpeg: 

            ffmpeg -i INPUT -codec:v libtheora -q:v 10 OUTPUT.ogg
  • Use ffmpeg to convert a CBR 1000 kbps Theora video stream: 

            ffmpeg -i INPUT -codec:v libtheora -b:v 1000k OUTPUT.ogg

libvpx

VP8/VP9 format supported through libvpx.

Requires the presence of the libvpx headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libvpx".

Options

The following options are supported by the libvpx wrapper. The vpxenc-equivalent options or values are listed in parentheses for easy migration.

To reduce the duplication of documentation, only the private options and some others requiring special attention are documented here. For the documentation of the undocumented generic options, see the Codec Options chapter.

To get more documentation of the libvpx options, invoke the command ffmpeg -h encoder=libvpx, ffmpeg -h encoder=libvpx-vp9 or vpxenc --help. Further information is available in the libvpx API documentation.

Set bitrate in bits/s. Note that FFmpeg's b option is expressed in bits/s, while vpxenc's target-bitrate is in kilobits/s.
Set ratecontrol buffer size (in bits). Note vpxenc's options are specified in milliseconds, the libvpx wrapper converts this value as follows: "buf-sz = bufsize * 1000 / bitrate", "buf-optimal-sz = bufsize * 1000 / bitrate * 5 / 6".
Set number of bits which should be loaded into the rc buffer before decoding starts. Note vpxenc's option is specified in milliseconds, the libvpx wrapper converts this value as follows: "rc_init_occupancy * 1000 / bitrate".
Set datarate undershoot (min) percentage of the target bitrate.
Set datarate overshoot (max) percentage of the target bitrate.
Set GOP max bitrate in bits/s. Note vpxenc's option is specified as a percentage of the target bitrate, the libvpx wrapper converts this value as follows: "(maxrate * 100 / bitrate)".
Set GOP min bitrate in bits/s. Note vpxenc's option is specified as a percentage of the target bitrate, the libvpx wrapper converts this value as follows: "(minrate * 100 / bitrate)".
"(minrate == maxrate == bitrate)".
Use best quality deadline. Poorly named and quite slow, this option should be avoided as it may give worse quality output than good.
Use good quality deadline. This is a good trade-off between speed and quality when used with the cpu-used option.
Use realtime quality deadline.
Set quality/speed ratio modifier. Higher values speed up the encode at the cost of quality.
Set a change threshold on blocks below which they will be skipped by the encoder.
Note that FFmpeg's slices option gives the total number of partitions, while vpxenc's token-parts is given as log2(partitions).
Set maximum I-frame bitrate as a percentage of the target bitrate. A value of 0 means unlimited.
"VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF"
Enable use of alternate reference frames (2-pass only). Values greater than 1 enable multi-layer alternate reference frames (VP9 only).
Set altref noise reduction max frame count.
Set altref noise reduction filter type: backward, forward, centered.
Set altref noise reduction filter strength.
Set number of frames to look ahead for frametype and ratecontrol.
Enable error resiliency features.
Increase sharpness at the expense of lower PSNR. The valid range is [0, 7].
Sets the temporal scalability configuration using a :-separated list of key=value pairs. For example, to specify temporal scalability parameters with "ffmpeg": 

        ffmpeg -i INPUT -c:v libvpx -ts-parameters ts_number_layers=3:\
        ts_target_bitrate=250,500,1000:ts_rate_decimator=4,2,1:\
        ts_periodicity=4:ts_layer_id=0,2,1,2:ts_layering_mode=3 OUTPUT

Below is a brief explanation of each of the parameters, please refer to "struct vpx_codec_enc_cfg" in "vpx/vpx_encoder.h" for more details.

Number of temporal coding layers.
Target bitrate for each temporal layer (in kbps). (bitrate should be inclusive of the lower temporal layer).
Frame rate decimation factor for each temporal layer.
Length of the sequence defining frame temporal layer membership.
Template defining the membership of frames to temporal layers.
(optional) Selecting the temporal structure from a set of pre-defined temporal layering modes. Currently supports the following options.
0
No temporal layering flags are provided internally, relies on flags being passed in using "metadata" field in "AVFrame" with following keys.
Sets the flags passed into the encoder to indicate the referencing scheme for the current frame. Refer to function "vpx_codec_encode" in "vpx/vpx_encoder.h" for more details.
Explicitly sets the temporal id of the current frame to encode.
2
Two temporal layers. 0-1...
3
Three temporal layers. 0-2-1-2...; with single reference frame.
4
Same as option "3", except there is a dependency between the two temporal layer 2 frames within the temporal period.
Enable lossless mode.
Set number of tile columns to use. Note this is given as log2(tile_columns). For example, 8 tile columns would be requested by setting the tile-columns option to 3.
Set number of tile rows to use. Note this is given as log2(tile_rows). For example, 4 tile rows would be requested by setting the tile-rows option to 2.
Enable frame parallel decodability features.
Set adaptive quantization mode (0: off (default), 1: variance 2: complexity, 3: cyclic refresh, 4: equator360).
Set input color space. The VP9 bitstream supports signaling the following colorspaces:
Enable row based multi-threading.
Set content type: default (0), screen (1), film (2).
Corpus VBR mode is a variant of standard VBR where the complexity distribution midpoint is passed in rather than calculated for a specific clip or chunk.

The valid range is [0, 10000]. 0 (default) uses standard VBR.

Enable temporal dependency model.
Using per-frame metadata, set members of the structure "vpx_svc_ref_frame_config_t" in "vpx/vp8cx.h" to fine-control referencing schemes and frame buffer management. Use a :-separated list of key=value pairs. For example, 

        av_dict_set(&av_frame->metadata, "ref-frame-config", \
        "rfc_update_buffer_slot=7:rfc_lst_fb_idx=0:rfc_gld_fb_idx=1:rfc_alt_fb_idx=2:rfc_reference_last=0:rfc_reference_golden=0:rfc_reference_alt_ref=0");
Indicates the buffer slot number to update
Indicates whether to update the LAST frame
Indicates whether to update GOLDEN frame
Indicates whether to update ALT_REF frame
LAST frame buffer index
GOLDEN frame buffer index
ALT_REF frame buffer index
Indicates whether to reference LAST frame
Indicates whether to reference GOLDEN frame
Indicates whether to reference ALT_REF frame
Indicates frame duration

For more information about libvpx see: <http://www.webmproject.org/>

libwebp

libwebp WebP Image encoder wrapper

libwebp is Google's official encoder for WebP images. It can encode in either lossy or lossless mode. Lossy images are essentially a wrapper around a VP8 frame. Lossless images are a separate codec developed by Google.

Pixel Format

Currently, libwebp only supports YUV420 for lossy and RGB for lossless due to limitations of the format and libwebp. Alpha is supported for either mode. Because of API limitations, if RGB is passed in when encoding lossy or YUV is passed in for encoding lossless, the pixel format will automatically be converted using functions from libwebp. This is not ideal and is done only for convenience.

Options

Enables/Disables use of lossless mode. Default is 0.
For lossy, this is a quality/speed tradeoff. Higher values give better quality for a given size at the cost of increased encoding time. For lossless, this is a size/speed tradeoff. Higher values give smaller size at the cost of increased encoding time. More specifically, it controls the number of extra algorithms and compression tools used, and varies the combination of these tools. This maps to the method option in libwebp. The valid range is 0 to 6. Default is 4.
For lossy encoding, this controls image quality, 0 to 100. For lossless encoding, this controls the effort and time spent at compressing more. The default value is 75. Note that for usage via libavcodec, this option is called global_quality and must be multiplied by FF_QP2LAMBDA.
Configuration preset. This does some automatic settings based on the general type of the image.
Do not use a preset.
Use the encoder default.
Digital picture, like portrait, inner shot
Outdoor photograph, with natural lighting
Hand or line drawing, with high-contrast details
Small-sized colorful images
Text-like

libx264, libx264rgb

x264 H.264/MPEG-4 AVC encoder wrapper.

This encoder requires the presence of the libx264 headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libx264".

libx264 supports an impressive number of features, including 8x8 and 4x4 adaptive spatial transform, adaptive B-frame placement, CAVLC/CABAC entropy coding, interlacing (MBAFF), lossless mode, psy optimizations for detail retention (adaptive quantization, psy-RD, psy-trellis).

Many libx264 encoder options are mapped to FFmpeg global codec options, while unique encoder options are provided through private options. Additionally the x264opts and x264-params private options allows one to pass a list of key=value tuples as accepted by the libx264 "x264_param_parse" function.

The x264 project website is at <http://www.videolan.org/developers/x264.html>.

The libx264rgb encoder is the same as libx264, except it accepts packed RGB pixel formats as input instead of YUV.

Supported Pixel Formats

x264 supports 8- to 10-bit color spaces. The exact bit depth is controlled at x264's configure time.

Options

The following options are supported by the libx264 wrapper. The x264-equivalent options or values are listed in parentheses for easy migration.

To reduce the duplication of documentation, only the private options and some others requiring special attention are documented here. For the documentation of the undocumented generic options, see the Codec Options chapter.

To get a more accurate and extensive documentation of the libx264 options, invoke the command x264 --fullhelp or consult the libx264 documentation.

Set bitrate in bits/s. Note that FFmpeg's b option is expressed in bits/s, while x264's bitrate is in kilobits/s.
Minimum quantizer scale.
Maximum quantizer scale.
Maximum difference between quantizer scales.
Quantizer curve blur
Quantizer curve compression factor
Number of reference frames each P-frame can use. The range is from 0-16.
Sets the threshold for the scene change detection.
Performs Trellis quantization to increase efficiency. Enabled by default.
Maximum range of the motion search in pixels.
Set motion estimation method. Possible values in the decreasing order of speed:
Diamond search with radius 1 (fastest). epzs is an alias for dia.
Hexagonal search with radius 2.
Uneven multi-hexagon search.
Exhaustive search.
Hadamard exhaustive search (slowest).
Normally, when forcing a I-frame type, the encoder can select any type of I-frame. This option forces it to choose an IDR-frame.
Sub-pixel motion estimation method.
Adaptive B-frame placement decision algorithm. Use only on first-pass.
Minimum GOP size.
Set entropy encoder. Possible values:
Enable CABAC.
Enable CAVLC and disable CABAC. It generates the same effect as x264's --no-cabac option.
Set full pixel motion estimation comparison algorithm. Possible values:
Enable chroma in motion estimation.
Ignore chroma in motion estimation. It generates the same effect as x264's --no-chroma-me option.
Number of encoding threads.
Set multithreading technique. Possible values:
Slice-based multithreading. It generates the same effect as x264's --sliced-threads option.
Frame-based multithreading.
Set encoding flags. It can be used to disable closed GOP and enable open GOP by setting it to "-cgop". The result is similar to the behavior of x264's --open-gop option.
Set the encoding preset.
Set tuning of the encoding params.
Set profile restrictions.
Enable fast settings when encoding first pass, when set to 1. When set to 0, it has the same effect of x264's --slow-firstpass option.
Set the quality for constant quality mode.
In CRF mode, prevents VBV from lowering quality beyond this point.
Set constant quantization rate control method parameter.
Set AQ method. Possible values:
Disabled.
Variance AQ (complexity mask).
Auto-variance AQ (experimental).
Set AQ strength, reduce blocking and blurring in flat and textured areas.
Use psychovisual optimizations when set to 1. When set to 0, it has the same effect as x264's --no-psy option.
Set strength of psychovisual optimization, in psy-rd:psy-trellis format.
Set number of frames to look ahead for frametype and ratecontrol.
Enable weighted prediction for B-frames when set to 1. When set to 0, it has the same effect as x264's --no-weightb option.
Set weighted prediction method for P-frames. Possible values:
Disabled
Enable only weighted refs
Enable both weighted refs and duplicates
Enable calculation and printing SSIM stats after the encoding.
Enable the use of Periodic Intra Refresh instead of IDR frames when set to 1.
Configure the encoder to generate AVC-Intra. Valid values are 50,100 and 200
Configure the encoder to be compatible with the bluray standard. It is a shorthand for setting "bluray-compat=1 force-cfr=1".
Set the influence on how often B-frames are used.
Set method for keeping of some B-frames as references. Possible values:
Disabled.
Strictly hierarchical pyramid.
Non-strict (not Blu-ray compatible).
Enable the use of one reference per partition, as opposed to one reference per macroblock when set to 1. When set to 0, it has the same effect as x264's --no-mixed-refs option.
8x8dct
Enable adaptive spatial transform (high profile 8x8 transform) when set to 1. When set to 0, it has the same effect as x264's --no-8x8dct option.
Enable early SKIP detection on P-frames when set to 1. When set to 0, it has the same effect as x264's --no-fast-pskip option.
Enable use of access unit delimiters when set to 1.
Enable use macroblock tree ratecontrol when set to 1. When set to 0, it has the same effect as x264's --no-mbtree option.
Set loop filter parameters, in alpha:beta form.
Set fluctuations reduction in QP (before curve compression).
Set partitions to consider as a comma-separated list of. Possible values in the list:
8x8 P-frame partition.
4x4 P-frame partition.
4x4 B-frame partition.
8x8 I-frame partition.
4x4 I-frame partition. (Enabling p4x4 requires p8x8 to be enabled. Enabling i8x8 requires adaptive spatial transform (8x8dct option) to be enabled.)
Do not consider any partitions.
Consider every partition.
Set direct MV prediction mode. Possible values:
Disable MV prediction.
Enable spatial predicting.
Enable temporal predicting.
Automatically decided.
Set the limit of the size of each slice in bytes. If not specified but RTP payload size (ps) is specified, that is used.
Set the file name for multi-pass stats.
Set signal HRD information (requires vbv-bufsize to be set). Possible values:
Disable HRD information signaling.
Variable bit rate.
Constant bit rate (not allowed in MP4 container).
Set any x264 option, see x264 --fullhelp for a list.

Argument is a list of key=value couples separated by ":". In filter and psy-rd options that use ":" as a separator themselves, use "," instead. They accept it as well since long ago but this is kept undocumented for some reason.

For example to specify libx264 encoding options with ffmpeg:

        ffmpeg -i foo.mpg -c:v libx264 -x264opts keyint=123:min-keyint=20 -an out.mkv
Import closed captions (which must be ATSC compatible format) into output. Only the mpeg2 and h264 decoders provide these. Default is 1 (on).
Override the x264 configuration using a :-separated list of key=value parameters.

This option is functionally the same as the x264opts, but is duplicated for compatibility with the Libav fork.

For example to specify libx264 encoding options with ffmpeg:

        ffmpeg -i INPUT -c:v libx264 -x264-params level=30:bframes=0:weightp=0:\
        cabac=0:ref=1:vbv-maxrate=768:vbv-bufsize=2000:analyse=all:me=umh:\
        no-fast-pskip=1:subq=6:8x8dct=0:trellis=0 OUTPUT

Encoding ffpresets for common usages are provided so they can be used with the general presets system (e.g. passing the pre option).

libx265

x265 H.265/HEVC encoder wrapper.

This encoder requires the presence of the libx265 headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libx265.

Options

Sets target video bitrate.
Set the GOP size.
Minimum GOP size.
Number of reference frames each P-frame can use. The range is from 1-16.
Set the x265 preset.
Set the x265 tune parameter.
Set profile restrictions.
Set the quality for constant quality mode.
Set constant quantization rate control method parameter.
Minimum quantizer scale.
Maximum quantizer scale.
Maximum difference between quantizer scales.
Quantizer curve blur
Quantizer curve compression factor
Normally, when forcing a I-frame type, the encoder can select any type of I-frame. This option forces it to choose an IDR-frame.
Set x265 options using a list of key=value couples separated by ":". See x265 --help for a list of options.

For example to specify libx265 encoding options with -x265-params:

        ffmpeg -i input -c:v libx265 -x265-params crf=26:psy-rd=1 output.mp4

libxavs2

xavs2 AVS2-P2/IEEE1857.4 encoder wrapper.

This encoder requires the presence of the libxavs2 headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with --enable-libxavs2.

The following standard libavcodec options are used:

  • b / bit_rate
  • g / gop_size
  • bf / max_b_frames

The encoder also has its own specific options:

Options

Set the number of parallel threads for rows from 1 to 8 (default 5).
Set the xavs2 quantization parameter from 1 to 63 (default 34). This is used to set the initial qp for the first frame.
Set the xavs2 quantization parameter from 1 to 63 (default 34). This is used to set the qp value under constant-QP mode.
Set the max qp for rate control from 1 to 63 (default 55).
Set the min qp for rate control from 1 to 63 (default 20).
Set the Speed level from 0 to 9 (default 0). Higher is better but slower.
Set the log level from -1 to 3 (default 0). -1: none, 0: error, 1: warning, 2: info, 3: debug.
Set xavs2 options using a list of key=value couples separated by ":".

For example to specify libxavs2 encoding options with -xavs2-params:

        ffmpeg -i input -c:v libxavs2 -xavs2-params RdoqLevel=0 output.avs2

libxvid

Xvid MPEG-4 Part 2 encoder wrapper.

This encoder requires the presence of the libxvidcore headers and library during configuration. You need to explicitly configure the build with "--enable-libxvid --enable-gpl".

The native "mpeg4" encoder supports the MPEG-4 Part 2 format, so users can encode to this format without this library.

Options

The following options are supported by the libxvid wrapper. Some of the following options are listed but are not documented, and correspond to shared codec options. See the Codec Options chapter for their documentation. The other shared options which are not listed have no effect for the libxvid encoder.

Set specific encoding flags. Possible values:
Use four motion vector by macroblock.
Enable high quality AC prediction.
Only encode grayscale.
Enable the use of global motion compensation (GMC).
Enable quarter-pixel motion compensation.
Enable closed GOP.
Place global headers in extradata instead of every keyframe.
Set motion estimation method. Possible values in decreasing order of speed and increasing order of quality:
Use no motion estimation (default).
Enable advanced diamond zonal search for 16x16 blocks and half-pixel refinement for 16x16 blocks. x1 and log are aliases for phods.
Enable all of the things described above, plus advanced diamond zonal search for 8x8 blocks, half-pixel refinement for 8x8 blocks, and motion estimation on chroma planes.
Enable all of the things described above, plus extended 16x16 and 8x8 blocks search.
Set macroblock decision algorithm. Possible values in the increasing order of quality:
Use macroblock comparing function algorithm (default).
Enable rate distortion-based half pixel and quarter pixel refinement for 16x16 blocks.
Enable all of the things described above, plus rate distortion-based half pixel and quarter pixel refinement for 8x8 blocks, and rate distortion-based search using square pattern.
Enable lumi masking adaptive quantization when set to 1. Default is 0 (disabled).
Enable variance adaptive quantization when set to 1. Default is 0 (disabled).

When combined with lumi_aq, the resulting quality will not be better than any of the two specified individually. In other words, the resulting quality will be the worse one of the two effects.

Set structural similarity (SSIM) displaying method. Possible values:
Disable displaying of SSIM information.
Output average SSIM at the end of encoding to stdout. The format of showing the average SSIM is: 

        Average SSIM: %f

For users who are not familiar with C, %f means a float number, or a decimal (e.g. 0.939232).

Output both per-frame SSIM data during encoding and average SSIM at the end of encoding to stdout. The format of per-frame information is: 

               SSIM: avg: %1.3f min: %1.3f max: %1.3f

For users who are not familiar with C, %1.3f means a float number rounded to 3 digits after the dot (e.g. 0.932).

Set SSIM accuracy. Valid options are integers within the range of 0-4, while 0 gives the most accurate result and 4 computes the fastest.

MediaFoundation

This provides wrappers to encoders (both audio and video) in the MediaFoundation framework. It can access both SW and HW encoders. Video encoders can take input in either of nv12 or yuv420p form (some encoders support both, some support only either - in practice, nv12 is the safer choice, especially among HW encoders).

mpeg2

MPEG-2 video encoder.

Options

Select the mpeg2 profile to encode:
422
Spatially Scalable
SNR Scalable
Select the mpeg2 level to encode:
Specifies if the encoder should write a sequence_display_extension to the output.
-1
Decide automatically to write it or not (this is the default) by checking if the data to be written is different from the default or unspecified values.
0
Never write it.
1
Always write it.
Specifies the video_format written into the sequence display extension indicating the source of the video pictures. The default is unspecified, can be component, pal, ntsc, secam or mac. For maximum compatibility, use component.
Import closed captions (which must be ATSC compatible format) into output. Default is 1 (on).

png

PNG image encoder.

Private options

Set physical density of pixels, in dots per inch, unset by default
Set physical density of pixels, in dots per meter, unset by default

ProRes

Apple ProRes encoder.

FFmpeg contains 2 ProRes encoders, the prores-aw and prores-ks encoder. The used encoder can be chosen with the "-vcodec" option.

Private Options for prores-ks

Select the ProRes profile to encode
4444
4444xq
Select quantization matrix.

If set to auto, the matrix matching the profile will be picked. If not set, the matrix providing the highest quality, default, will be picked.

How many bits to allot for coding one macroblock. Different profiles use between 200 and 2400 bits per macroblock, the maximum is 8000.
Number of macroblocks in each slice (1-8); the default value (8) should be good in almost all situations.
Override the 4-byte vendor ID. A custom vendor ID like apl0 would claim the stream was produced by the Apple encoder.
Specify number of bits for alpha component. Possible values are 0, 8 and 16. Use 0 to disable alpha plane coding.

Speed considerations

In the default mode of operation the encoder has to honor frame constraints (i.e. not produce frames with size bigger than requested) while still making output picture as good as possible. A frame containing a lot of small details is harder to compress and the encoder would spend more time searching for appropriate quantizers for each slice.

Setting a higher bits_per_mb limit will improve the speed.

For the fastest encoding speed set the qscale parameter (4 is the recommended value) and do not set a size constraint.

QSV encoders

The family of Intel QuickSync Video encoders (MPEG-2, H.264, HEVC, JPEG/MJPEG and VP9)

The ratecontrol method is selected as follows:

•
When global_quality is specified, a quality-based mode is used. Specifically this means either
  • CQP - constant quantizer scale, when the qscale codec flag is also set (the -qscale ffmpeg option).
  • LA_ICQ - intelligent constant quality with lookahead, when the look_ahead option is also set.
  • ICQ -- intelligent constant quality otherwise.
•
Otherwise, a bitrate-based mode is used. For all of those, you should specify at least the desired average bitrate with the b option.
  • LA - VBR with lookahead, when the look_ahead option is specified.
  • VCM - video conferencing mode, when the vcm option is set.
  • CBR - constant bitrate, when maxrate is specified and equal to the average bitrate.
  • VBR - variable bitrate, when maxrate is specified, but is higher than the average bitrate.
  • AVBR - average VBR mode, when maxrate is not specified. This mode is further configured by the avbr_accuracy and avbr_convergence options.

Note that depending on your system, a different mode than the one you specified may be selected by the encoder. Set the verbosity level to verbose or higher to see the actual settings used by the QSV runtime.

Additional libavcodec global options are mapped to MSDK options as follows:

  • g/gop_size -> GopPicSize
  • bf/max_b_frames+1 -> GopRefDist
  • rc_init_occupancy/rc_initial_buffer_occupancy -> InitialDelayInKB
  • slices -> NumSlice
  • refs -> NumRefFrame
  • b_strategy/b_frame_strategy -> BRefType
  • cgop/CLOSED_GOP codec flag -> GopOptFlag
  • For the CQP mode, the i_qfactor/i_qoffset and b_qfactor/b_qoffset set the difference between QPP and QPI, and QPP and QPB respectively.
  • Setting the coder option to the value vlc will make the H.264 encoder use CAVLC instead of CABAC.

snow

Options

dia size for the iterative motion estimation

VAAPI encoders

Wrappers for hardware encoders accessible via VAAPI.

These encoders only accept input in VAAPI hardware surfaces. If you have input in software frames, use the hwupload filter to upload them to the GPU.

The following standard libavcodec options are used:

  • g / gop_size
  • bf / max_b_frames
  • profile

    If not set, this will be determined automatically from the format of the input frames and the profiles supported by the driver.

  • level
  • b / bit_rate
  • maxrate / rc_max_rate
  • bufsize / rc_buffer_size
  • rc_init_occupancy / rc_initial_buffer_occupancy
  • compression_level

    Speed / quality tradeoff: higher values are faster / worse quality.

  • q / global_quality

    Size / quality tradeoff: higher values are smaller / worse quality.

  • qmin
  • qmax
  • i_qfactor / i_quant_factor
  • i_qoffset / i_quant_offset
  • b_qfactor / b_quant_factor
  • b_qoffset / b_quant_offset
  • slices

All encoders support the following options:

Some drivers/platforms offer a second encoder for some codecs intended to use less power than the default encoder; setting this option will attempt to use that encoder. Note that it may support a reduced feature set, so some other options may not be available in this mode.
Set the number of normal intra frames between full-refresh (IDR) frames in open-GOP mode. The intra frames are still IRAPs, but will not include global headers and may have non-decodable leading pictures.
Set the B-frame reference depth. When set to one (the default), all B-frames will refer only to P- or I-frames. When set to greater values multiple layers of B-frames will be present, frames in each layer only referring to frames in higher layers.
Set the rate control mode to use. A given driver may only support a subset of modes.

Possible modes:

Choose the mode automatically based on driver support and the other options. This is the default.
Constant-quality.
Constant-bitrate.
Variable-bitrate.
Intelligent constant-quality.
Quality-defined variable-bitrate.
Average variable bitrate.

Each encoder also has its own specific options:

profile sets the value of profile_idc and the constraint_set*_flags. level sets the value of level_idc.
Set entropy encoder (default is cabac). Possible values:
Use CABAC.
Use CAVLC.
Include access unit delimiters in the stream (not included by default).
Set SEI message types to include. Some combination of the following values:
Include a user_data_unregistered message containing information about the encoder.
Include picture timing parameters (buffering_period and pic_timing messages).
Include recovery points where appropriate (recovery_point messages).
profile and level set the values of general_profile_idc and general_level_idc respectively.
Include access unit delimiters in the stream (not included by default).
Set general_tier_flag. This may affect the level chosen for the stream if it is not explicitly specified.
Set SEI message types to include. Some combination of the following values:
Include HDR metadata if the input frames have it (mastering_display_colour_volume and content_light_level messages).
Set the number of tiles to encode the input video with, as columns x rows. Larger numbers allow greater parallelism in both encoding and decoding, but may decrease coding efficiency.
Only baseline DCT encoding is supported. The encoder always uses the standard quantisation and huffman tables - global_quality scales the standard quantisation table (range 1-100).

For YUV, 4:2:0, 4:2:2 and 4:4:4 subsampling modes are supported. RGB is also supported, and will create an RGB JPEG.

Include JFIF header in each frame (not included by default).
Include standard huffman tables (on by default). Turning this off will save a few hundred bytes in each output frame, but may lose compatibility with some JPEG decoders which don't fully handle MJPEG.
profile and level set the value of profile_and_level_indication.
B-frames are not supported.

global_quality sets the q_idx used for non-key frames (range 0-127).

Manually set the loop filter parameters.
global_quality sets the q_idx used for P-frames (range 0-255).
Manually set the loop filter parameters.

B-frames are supported, but the output stream is always in encode order rather than display order. If B-frames are enabled, it may be necessary to use the vp9_raw_reorder bitstream filter to modify the output stream to display frames in the correct order.

Only normal frames are produced - the vp9_superframe bitstream filter may be required to produce a stream usable with all decoders.

vc2

SMPTE VC-2 (previously BBC Dirac Pro). This codec was primarily aimed at professional broadcasting but since it supports yuv420, yuv422 and yuv444 at 8 (limited range or full range), 10 or 12 bits, this makes it suitable for other tasks which require low overhead and low compression (like screen recording).

Options

Sets target video bitrate. Usually that's around 1:6 of the uncompressed video bitrate (e.g. for 1920x1080 50fps yuv422p10 that's around 400Mbps). Higher values (close to the uncompressed bitrate) turn on lossless compression mode.
Enables field coding when set (e.g. to tt - top field first) for interlaced inputs. Should increase compression with interlaced content as it splits the fields and encodes each separately.
Sets the total amount of wavelet transforms to apply, between 1 and 5 (default). Lower values reduce compression and quality. Less capable decoders may not be able to handle values of wavelet_depth over 3.
Sets the transform type. Currently only 5_3 (LeGall) and 9_7 (Deslauriers-Dubuc) are implemented, with 9_7 being the one with better compression and thus is the default.
Sets the slice size for each slice. Larger values result in better compression. For compatibility with other more limited decoders use slice_width of 32 and slice_height of 8.
Sets the undershoot tolerance of the rate control system in percent. This is to prevent an expensive search from being run.
Sets the quantization matrix preset to use by default or when wavelet_depth is set to 5
  • default Uses the default quantization matrix from the specifications, extended with values for the fifth level. This provides a good balance between keeping detail and omitting artifacts.
  • flat Use a completely zeroed out quantization matrix. This increases PSNR but might reduce perception. Use in bogus benchmarks.
  • color Reduces detail but attempts to preserve color at extremely low bitrates.

SUBTITLES ENCODERS

dvdsub

This codec encodes the bitmap subtitle format that is used in DVDs. Typically they are stored in VOBSUB file pairs (*.idx + *.sub), and they can also be used in Matroska files.

Options

Specify the global palette used by the bitmaps.

The format for this option is a string containing 16 24-bits hexadecimal numbers (without 0x prefix) separated by commas, for example "0d00ee, ee450d, 101010, eaeaea, 0ce60b, ec14ed, ebff0b, 0d617a, 7b7b7b, d1d1d1, 7b2a0e, 0d950c, 0f007b, cf0dec, cfa80c, 7c127b".

When set to 1, enable a work-around that makes the number of pixel rows even in all subtitles. This fixes a problem with some players that cut off the bottom row if the number is odd. The work-around just adds a fully transparent row if needed. The overhead is low, typically one byte per subtitle on average.

By default, this work-around is disabled.

SEE ALSO

ffmpeg(1), ffplay(1), ffprobe(1), libavcodec(3)

AUTHORS

The FFmpeg developers.

For details about the authorship, see the Git history of the project (https://git.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg), e.g. by typing the command git log in the FFmpeg source directory, or browsing the online repository at <https://git.ffmpeg.org/ffmpeg>.

Maintainers for the specific components are listed in the file MAINTAINERS in the source code tree.