NAME¶

std::tm - std::tm

Synopsis¶

Defined in header <ctime>
struct tm;

Structure holding a calendar date and time broken down into its components.

Member objects¶

seconds after the minute –
[0, 61]
int tm_sec (until C++11)
[0, 60]
(since C++11)^[note 1]
(public member object)
int tm_min minutes after the hour – [0, 59]
(public member object)
int tm_hour hours since midnight – [0, 23]
(public member object)
int tm_mday day of the month – [1, 31]
(public member object)
int tm_mon months since January – [0, 11]
(public member object)
int tm_year years since 1900
(public member object)
int tm_wday days since Sunday – [0, 6]
(public member object)
int tm_yday days since January 1 – [0, 365]
(public member object)
Daylight Saving Time flag. The value is positive if DST is in effect,
int tm_isdst zero if not and negative if no information is available.
(public member object)

Notes¶

The Standard mandates only the presence of the aforementioned members in some order.
The implementations usually add more data members to this structure.

1. ↑ Range allows for a positive leap second. Two leap seconds in the same minute
are not allowed (the range [0, 61] was a defect introduced in C89 and corrected
in C99).

Example¶

// Run this code

#include <ctime>
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
std::tm tm{};
tm.tm_year = 2022 - 1900;
tm.tm_mday = 1;
std::mktime(&tm);

std::cout << std::asctime(&tm); // note implicit trailing '\n'

std::cout << "sizeof(std::tm) = " << sizeof(std::tm) << '\n'
<< "sum of sizes of standard members = "
<< sizeof(tm.tm_sec) +
sizeof(tm.tm_min) +
sizeof(tm.tm_hour) +
sizeof(tm.tm_mday) +
sizeof(tm.tm_mon) +
sizeof(tm.tm_year) +
sizeof(tm.tm_wday) +
sizeof(tm.tm_yday) +
sizeof(tm.tm_isdst) << '\n';
}

Possible output:¶

Sat Jan 1 00:00:00 2022
sizeof(std::tm) = 56
sum of sizes of standard members = 36

See also¶

localtime converts time since epoch to calendar time expressed as local time
(function)
converts time since epoch to calendar time expressed as Universal
gmtime Coordinated Time
(function)
C documentation for
tm